Alabama Code > Title 13A > Chapter 2 – Principles of Criminal Liability
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Article 1 | Culpability | 13A-2-1 – 13A-2-7 |
Article 2 | Parties to Offenses | 13A-2-20 – 13A-2-26 |
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Terms Used In Alabama Code > Title 13A > Chapter 2 - Principles of Criminal Liability
- ADJUSTED RBC REPORT: An RBC report which has been adjusted by the commissioner in accordance with subsection (e) of Section 27-2B-3. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
- Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
- Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
- AWARDING AUTHORITY: Any governmental board, commission, agency, body, authority, instrumentality, department, or subdivision of the state, its counties and municipalities. See Alabama Code 39-2-1
- Base period: as used in this chapter , means the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters immediately preceding the first day of an individual benefit year. See Alabama Code 25-4-1
- Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
- Benefit year: as used in this chapter with respect to any individual, means the one-year period beginning with the first day of the first week with respect to which an individual who is unemployed first files a valid claim for benefits or a claim is filed by an employer on behalf of an employee working less than full time, and thereafter the one-year period beginning with the first day of the first week with respect to which such individual next files a valid claim for benefits or such claim is filed by an employer on behalf of an employee working less than full time, after the termination of his last preceding benefit year. See Alabama Code 25-4-3
- Benefits: as used in this chapter , means the money payable to an individual with respect to his unemployment as provided in this chapter. See Alabama Code 25-4-2
- BUSINESS TRUST: A business trust as defined in Chapter 16. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Calendar quarter: as used in this chapter , means the period of three consecutive calendar months ending on March 31, June 30, September 30 or December 31, except as the secretary shall by regulation otherwise prescribe. See Alabama Code 25-4-4
- contribution: A tangible or intangible benefit that a person transfers to an entity in consideration for an ownership interest in the entity or otherwise in the person's capacity as an owner or a member. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Contributions: as used in this chapter , means the money payments to the State Unemployment Compensation Fund, required by this chapter, on the basis of a percentage of wages. See Alabama Code 25-4-5
- conversion: A conversion, whether referred to as a conversion, domestication, or otherwise, means:
(A) the continuance of a domestic entity as a foreign entity of any type;
(B) the continuance of a foreign entity as a domestic entity of any type; or
(C) the continuance of a domestic entity of one type as a domestic entity of another type. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- CORRECTIVE ORDER: An order issued by the commissioner specifying corrective actions which the commissioner has determined are required. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- court: The designated court, and if none, the circuit court specifically set forth in this title, and if none, any other court having jurisdiction in a case. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
- DESIGNATED COURT: The court or courts that are designated in the (i) certificate of incorporation or bylaws of a corporation as authorized by Chapter 2A, (ii) limited liability company agreement of a limited liability company formed pursuant to or governed by Chapter 5A, (iii) partnership agreement of a partnership formed pursuant to or governed by Chapter 8A, or (iv) limited partnership agreement of a limited partnership formed pursuant to or governed by Chapter 9A. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source:
- DOMESTIC INSURER: Any insurer domiciled in this state. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Donor: The person who makes a gift.
- electronic: Relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- employee: as used in this chapter , means any individual employed by an employer subject to this chapter, in which employment the relationship of master and servant exists between the employee and the person employing him. See Alabama Code 25-4-7
- Employing unit: as used in this chapter , means any individual or type of organization, including any partnership, association, trust estate, joint stock company or corporation, whether domestic or foreign, or the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, trustee or successor thereof, or the legal representative of a deceased person, which has, or subsequent to January 1, 1935, had in its employ one or more individuals performing services for it within this state. See Alabama Code 25-4-9
- employment: shall include service constituting employment under any unemployment compensation law of another state or of this state. See Alabama Code 25-4-16
- Employment office: as used in this chapter , means a free public employment office or a branch thereof operated by this or any other state as a part of a state controlled system of public employment offices or by a federal agency charged with the administration of an unemployment compensation program or free public employment offices. See Alabama Code 25-4-11
- Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
- entity: A domestic or foreign organization. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
- Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. Source: OCC
- FILING INSTRUMENT: An instrument, document, or statement that is required or permitted by this title to be delivered for filing by or for an entity to a filing officer. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- FORCE ACCOUNT WORK: Work paid for by reimbursing for the actual costs for labor, materials, and equipment usage incurred in the performance of the work, as directed, including a percentage for overhead and profit, where appropriate. See Alabama Code 39-2-1
- foreign: With respect to an entity, means governed as to its internal affairs by the laws of a jurisdiction other than this state. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- FOREIGN ENTITY: An entity governed as to its internal affairs by the laws of a jurisdiction other than this state. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- FOREIGN INSURER: Any insurer which is licensed to do business in this state but not domiciled in this state. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- foreign limited liability partnership: means a partnership that has filed a statement of limited liability partnership under Section 10A-8A-10. See Alabama Code 10A-8A-1.02
- FRATERNAL BENEFIT SOCIETY: Any insurer licensed under Chapter 34. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Fund: as used in this chapter , means the Unemployment Compensation Fund established by this chapter, to which all contributions and payments in lieu of contributions and from which all benefits required under this chapter shall be paid. See Alabama Code 25-4-12
- Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
- HEALTH ORGANIZATION: Any health care service plan, health maintenance organization, limited health service organization, dental services corporation, or other managed care organization licensed under this title. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- individual: A natural person and the estate of an incompetent or deceased natural person. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Insured work: as used in this chapter , means "employment" for "employers. See Alabama Code 25-4-13
- insurer: As defined in Section 27-1-2, including, without limitation, any fraternal benefit society and any health organization. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC
- JUDGE OF PROBATE: The judge of probate of the county in which an entity is required or permitted to deliver a filing instrument for filing pursuant to this title. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Juror: A person who is on the jury.
- law: Unless the context requires otherwise, both statutory and common law. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
- LICENSING AUTHORITY: The state court, state regulatory licensing board, or other like agency which has the power to issue a license or other legal authorization to render professional services. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- LIFE OR HEALTH INSURER: Any insurer licensed to do business in this state and authorized to transact life and/or disability insurance, including a property and casualty insurer writing only disability insurance, but shall not include fraternal benefit societies, health care service corporations, dental service organizations, health maintenance organizations, dental plan organizations, or mutual aid associations. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY: A limited liability company as defined in Chapter 5A. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP: A limited liability partnership as defined in Chapter 8A. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- merger: The combination of one or more domestic entities with one or more domestic entities or foreign entities resulting in:
(A) one or more surviving domestic entities or foreign entities;
(B) the creation of one or more new domestic entities or foreign entities, or one or more surviving domestic entities or foreign entities; or
(C) one or more surviving domestic entities or foreign entities and the creation of one or more new domestic entities or foreign entities. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- naic: The National Association of Insurance Commissioners. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- NEGATIVE TREND: With respect to a life or health insurer or a fraternal benefit society, a negative trend over a period of time, as determined in accordance with the trend test calculation included in the RBC instructions. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- organization: A corporation, limited partnership, general partnership, limited liability company, business trust, real estate investment trust, joint venture, joint stock company, cooperative, association, or other organization, including, regardless of its organizational form, a bank, insurance company, credit union, and savings and loan association, whether for profit, not for profit, nonprofit, domestic, or foreign. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
- owner: An individual, corporation, partnership, trust association, joint venture, or any other business entity, and the respective agents of the individuals or entities, in whom is vested all or any part of the title to the property alleged to be a drug-related nuisance. See Alabama Code 6-5-155.1
- partner: A limited partner or general partner. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- partnership: Includes a general partnership, a limited liability partnership, a foreign limited liability partnership, a limited partnership, a foreign limited partnership, a limited liability limited partnership, and a foreign limited liability limited partnership. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT: Any agreement (whether referred to as a partnership agreement or otherwise), written, oral or implied, of the partners as to the activities and affairs of a general partnership or a limited partnership. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- PARTY TO THE MERGER: A domestic entity or foreign entity that under a plan of merger is combined by a merger. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- person: An individual, including the estate of an incompetent or deceased individual, or an entity, whether created by the laws of this state or another state or foreign country, including, without limitation, a general partnership, limited liability partnership, limited partnership, limited liability limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation, professional corporation, nonprofit corporation, professional association, trustee, personal representative, fiduciary, as defined in Section 19-3-150 or person performing in any similar capacity, business trust, estate, trust, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- person: Natural persons, partnerships, limited liability companies, corporations, and other legal entities. See Alabama Code 39-2-1
- President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
- PRINCIPAL OFFICE: The office, in or out of this state, where the principal executive office, whether referred to as the principal executive office, chief executive office, or otherwise, of an entity is located. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- PROFESSIONAL SERVICE: Any type of service that may lawfully be performed only pursuant to a license issued by a state court, state regulatory licensing board, or other like agency pursuant to state laws. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- property: Tangible real property, or an interest in real property, including an interest in any leasehold, license, or real estate, including any house, apartment building, condominium, cooperative, office building, store, restaurant, tavern, nightclub, or warehouse, and the land extending to the boundaries of the lot upon which the structure is situated, and anything growing on, affixed to, or found on the land. See Alabama Code 6-5-155.1
- property: Includes all property, whether real, personal, or mixed, or tangible or intangible, or any right or interest therein. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- PROPERTY AND CASUALTY INSURER: Any insurer licensed to do business in this state and authorized to transact property, marine, casualty, and/or surety insurance, but shall not include monoline mortgage guaranty insurers, financial guaranty insurers and title insurers. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
- PUBLIC PROPERTY: Real property which the state, county, municipality, or awarding authority thereof owns or has a contractual right to own or purchase, including easements, rights-of-way, or otherwise. See Alabama Code 39-2-1
- PUBLIC WORKS: The construction, installation, repair, renovation, or maintenance of public buildings, structures, sewers, waterworks, roads, curbs, gutters, side walls, bridges, docks, underpasses, and viaducts as well as any other improvement to be constructed, installed, repaired, renovated, or maintained on public property and to be paid, in whole or in part, with public funds or with financing to be retired with public funds in the form of lease payments or otherwise. See Alabama Code 39-2-1
- rbc: Risk-based capital. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- RBC INSTRUCTIONS: The RBC report including risk-based capital instructions adopted by the NAIC, as the RBC instructions may be amended by the NAIC from time to time in accordance with the procedures adopted by the NAIC. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- RBC LEVEL: An insurer's company action level RBC, regulatory action level RBC, authorized control level RBC, or mandatory control level RBC where:
a. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- RBC PLAN: A comprehensive financial plan containing the elements specified in subsection (b) of Section 27-2B-4. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- RBC REPORT: The report required in Section 27-2B-3. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
- Secretary: as used in this chapter , means the Secretary of Labor or his authorized representatives; except, that during any interim in which there is no duly appointed and qualified Secretary of Labor, the same shall mean the Director of Unemployment Compensation, provided for in Section 25-2-3. See Alabama Code 25-4-6
- Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
- state: Includes, when referring to a part of the United States, a state or commonwealth, and its agencies and governmental subdivisions, and a territory or possession, and its agencies and governmental subdivisions, of the United States. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
- State: as used in this chapter , includes, in addition to the states of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Canada. See Alabama Code 25-4-14
- Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
- STATUTORY CAPITAL AND SURPLUS: The combination of capital and surplus. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
- TOTAL ADJUSTED CAPITAL: The sum of:
a. See Alabama Code 27-2B-2
- wages: as used in this chapter , shall mean such remuneration as was defined in this section prior to such date. See Alabama Code 25-4-16
- Week: as used in this chapter , means such period of seven consecutive days, as the secretary may by regulation prescribe. See Alabama Code 25-4-17