Terms Used In California Codes > Business and Professions Code > Division 6 > Chapter 3 - Trade Names and Designations

• Abstract of judgment: In a federal criminal proceeding, A certification from a U.S. District Court clerk that a judgment of restitution was entered against the defendant owing to the victim. If the defendant inherits, owns, or sells real property or holdings, these assets can then be attached at the state and local levels as well.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Aggrieved party: means a party entitled to pursue a remedy. See California Commercial Code 1201
• agreement: means the total legal obligation that results from the parties' agreement as determined by this code and as supplemented by any other applicable laws. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Airborne toxic control measure: means either of the following:

  California Health and Safety Code 39655

• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Annual percentage rate: The cost of credit at a yearly rate. It is calculated in a standard way, taking the average compound interest rate over the term of the loan so borrowers can compare loans. Lenders are required by law to disclose a card account's APR. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• assessed value: means 25 percent of full value to, and including, the 1980-81 fiscal year, and 100 percent of full value for the 1981-82 fiscal year and fiscal years thereafter. See California Government Code 25
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Assets: means the inventory and equipment that is the subject of a bulk sale and any tangible and intangible personal property used or held for use primarily in, or arising from, the seller's business and sold in connection with that inventory and equipment, but the term does not include any of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Auctioneer: means a person whom the seller engages to direct, conduct, control, or be responsible for a sale by auction. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Authority: shall mean the California Transportation Financing Authority. See California Government Code 64102
• Bank: means a person engaged in the business of banking, and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, and trust company. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Board: means a local Model Cities resources board. See California Health and Safety Code 36105
• bona fide principal amount: as used in this division solely for the purposes of determining whether the loan amount exceeds a regulatory ceiling, and is not intended to affect the meaning of "principal" for any other purpose. See California Financial Code 22251
• bonds: includes bonds, warrants, notes, or other evidences of indebtedness of a local agency, zone or improvement district except those which under Section 18 of Article XI or other provision of the Constitution of the State of California are required to be authorized at an election. See California Government Code 53540
• Bonds: shall mean bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper, or any other evidence of indebtedness, lease, installment, sale, or certificate of participation thereon, issued by the authority or a project sponsor pursuant to this division. See California Government Code 64102
• Branch: includes a separately incorporated foreign branch of a bank. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Brand: means any mark, name or device filed as a brand under this article. See California Business and Professions Code 14425
• building: includes onsite and offsite facilities, utilities and improvements that, as agreed upon by the parties, are appropriate for the proper operation or function of the building to be occupied jointly by the district and the private person, firm, or corporation. See California Education Code 17515
• Bulk sale: means either of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Bureau: means the Cemetery and Funeral Bureau. See California Business and Professions Code 7601
• Capital: as used in this division , consists of all of the following:

  California Financial Code 18018

• Charges: as used in this division , include the aggregate interest, fees, bonuses, commissions, brokerage, discounts, expenses, and other forms of costs charged, contracted for, or received by an industrial loan company or any other person in connection with the investigating, arranging, negotiating, procuring, guaranteeing, making, servicing, collecting, or enforcing of a loan, or for forbearance of money, credit, goods, things in action, or any other service or services rendered. See California Financial Code 18007
• City: includes incorporated city, city and county, municipal corporation, municipality, town and incorporated town. See California Financial Code 13
• City: includes "city and county" and "incorporated town" but does not include "unincorporated town" or "village. See California Government Code 20
• City: includes city and county. See California Business and Professions Code 18
• City council or board of supervisors: includes the proper corresponding governing board and authority in each place where the division applies. See California Government Code 66499.51
• Claim: means a right to payment from the seller, whether or not the right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, fixed, matured, disputed, secured, legal, or equitable. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Claimant: means a person holding a claim incurred in the seller's business other than any of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Codicil: An addition, change, or supplement to a will executed with the same formalities required for the will itself.
• Commission: shall mean the California Transportation Commission. See California Government Code 64102
• Commissioner: means any county agricultural commissioner. See California Food and Agricultural Code 26
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Community estate: includes both community property and quasi-community property. See California Family Code 63
• company: means a premium finance agency. See California Financial Code 18565
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• contract: means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language or inferred from other circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade as provided in Section 1303. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Coordinator: means the Model Cities Coordinator. See California Health and Safety Code 36105
• corporation: includes a limited liability company. See California Government Code 53601.2
• council: means the Bay Area Air Quality Management Advisory Council. See California Health and Safety Code 40260
• County: includes city and county. See California Financial Code 14
• County: includes city and county. See California Government Code 19
• County: includes city and county. See California Business and Professions Code 17
• County: includes "city and county. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• County: includes city and county. See California Family Code 67
• county surveyor: includes the like or corresponding officer, subject to the direction of the corresponding governing board and authority in each place where the division applies. See California Government Code 66499.51
• Credit insurance: means credit life, disability, and loss-of-income insurance, or any combination of these coverages. See California Financial Code 22314
• Credit loss-of-income insurance: means insurance issued to provide indemnity for payments becoming due on a specific loan or other credit transaction while the debtor is involuntarily unemployed, as defined in the policy. See California Financial Code 22314
• Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. ^{Source: OCC}
• Credit Score: A number, roughly between 300 and 800, that measures an individual's credit worthiness. The most well-known type of credit score is the FICO score. This score represents the answer from a mathematical formula that assigns numerical values to various pieces of information in your credit report. ^{Source: OCC}
• Creditor: means a claimant or other person holding a claim. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Date of the bulk sale: means either of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Date of the bulk-sale agreement: means either of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Debt: means liability on a claim. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the Department of Food and Agriculture. See California Food and Agricultural Code 32
• Director: means the Director of Consumer Affairs. See California Business and Professions Code 7601
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Document of title: includes a bill of lading, dock warrant, dock receipt, warehouse receipt, or order for the delivery of goods, and also any other document which in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession of it is entitled to receive, hold, and dispose of the document and the goods it covers. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Electronic signature: means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the electronic record. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equal Credit Opportunity Act: Prohibits creditors from discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or because an applicant receives income from a public assistance program. ^{Source: OCC}
• equipment: includes all of the following:

  California Education Code 17450

• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair Credit Reporting Act: A federal law, established in 1971 and revised in 1997, that gives consumers the right to see their credit records and correct any mistakes. ^{Source: OCC}
• Farm: as used in this article , includes ranch, estate and villa. See California Business and Professions Code 14460
• Federal act: means the Clean Air Act (42 U. See California Health and Safety Code 39655
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Finance charge: The total cost of credit a customer must pay on a consumer loan, including interest. The Truth in Lending Act requires disclosure of the finance charge. ^{Source: OCC}
• finance charge: means any amount which the insured agrees to pay the company in excess of the premium and fees charged by the insurer or producer, and exclusive of the cost of credit life insurance and attorney fees. See California Financial Code 18567
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Genuine: means free of forgery or counterfeiting. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Governing board: means the governing board of the school district which owns the schoolsite. See California Education Code 17487
• Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Holder: means :

  California Commercial Code 1201

• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Insolvent: means :

  California Commercial Code 1201

• insured: means the person who has purchased or arranged to purchase an insurance contract and who enters into a premium finance agreement with a premium finance agency. See California Financial Code 18562
• Issuer: shall mean the authority when the authority is the issuer of the bonds, and shall mean the project sponsor when the authority has authorized the project sponsor to be the issuer of the bonds. See California Government Code 64102
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Legislative body: means the legislative body, as defined in Section 53000, of the local agency. See California Government Code 53540
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• library districts: as used in this chapter mean "union high school library district. See California Education Code 18301
• library trustees: as used in this chapter mean the regularly elected union high school trustees who reside within the library district. See California Education Code 18300
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Liquidator: means a person who is regularly engaged in the business of disposing of assets for businesses contemplating liquidation or dissolution. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Local agency: means county, city, city and county, public district, public entity or authority or other public or municipal corporation. See California Government Code 53540
• local agency: means county, city, city and county, including a chartered city or county, school district, community college district, public district, county board of education, county superintendent of schools, or any public or municipal corporation. See California Government Code 53600
• local agency: means city and any district other than school districts required by the Advisory Committee and the Controller to furnish financial reports pursuant to Section 12463. See California Government Code 53900
• Minimum finance charge: The minimum, or fixed, finance charge that will be imposed during a billing cycle. A minimum finance charge usually applies only when a finance charge is imposed, that is, when you carry over a balance. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
• Money: means a medium of exchange currently authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See California Commercial Code 1201
• month: means a calendar month, unless otherwise expressed. See California Civil Code 14
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• National Credit Union Administration: The federal regulatory agency that charters and supervises federal credit unions. (NCUA also administers the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, which insures the deposits of federal credit unions.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Net proceeds: means the new consideration received for assets sold at a sale by auction or a sale conducted by a liquidator on the seller's behalf less each of the following:

  California Commercial Code 6102

• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Office: means the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. See California Health and Safety Code 39655
• Open-end credit: A credit agreement (typically a credit card) that allows a customer to borrow against a preapproved credit line when purchasing goods and services. The borrower is only billed for the amount that is actually borrowed plus any interest due. (Also called a charge account or revolving credit.) ^{Source: OCC}
• order: include a decree, as appropriate under the circumstances. See California Family Code 100
• Organization: means a person other than an individual. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Organization: includes any lodge, order, beneficial association, fraternal or beneficial society or association, historical, military, or veterans organization, labor union, or any other similar society, organization, or association or degree, branch, subordinate lodge, or auxiliary thereof. See California Business and Professions Code 14492
• Participant: as used in this article , means a seller of travel, as defined in Section 17550. See California Business and Professions Code 17550.36
• Person: includes any person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, company, limited liability company, syndicate, estate, trust, business trust, or organization of any kind. See California Financial Code 18
• person: includes any individual, partnership, firm, association, or corporation. See California Business and Professions Code 17506
• Person: includes any person, firm, association, organization, partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation, or company. See California Government Code 17
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• person: includes any natural person, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, firm, or association. See California Government Code 7920.520
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, limited liability company, or public entity. See California Family Code 105
• Person aggrieved: as used in this article , means a passenger, as defined in Section 17550. See California Business and Professions Code 17550.37
• personal property: include money, goods, chattels, things in action, and evidences of debt. See California Civil Code 14
• Pesticide: means any economic poison as defined in §. See California Health and Safety Code 39655
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• premium finance agreement: means a loan contract, note, agreement or obligation by which an insured agrees to pay to a company in installments the principal amount advanced by the company to an insurer or producer in payment of premium on an insurance contract or contracts, plus charges, with the assignment as security therefor of the unearned premiums, accrued dividends or loss payments, the final installment due date of the agreement not to extend beyond the term of the insurance contract included in the agreement having the latest expiration date. See California Financial Code 18564
• premium financing: means the activities of a company engaging in the business of advancing money directly or indirectly to an insurer or producer at the request of an insured pursuant to the terms of a premium finance agreement, wherein the insured has assigned the unearned premiums, accrued dividends or loss payments as security for such advancement in payment of premiums on insurance contracts only, and acquiring premium finance agreements, and does not include the financing of insurance contract premiums purchased in connection with the financing of goods and services. See California Financial Code 18563
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Principal amount: as used in this division , means the net amount of money, credit, goods, or things in action received by the debtor or borrower or disbursed on the borrower's instructions at the time of entering into the transaction. See California Financial Code 18009
• principal balance: means the difference between the amount of the premium and fees charged by the insurer or producer and the downpayment on the premium. See California Financial Code 18566
• Probate: Proving a will
• Proceeding: includes an action. See California Family Code 110
• Process: includes a writ or summons issued in the course of judicial proceedings of either a civil or criminal nature. See California Government Code 22
• Process: signifies a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Project: shall mean and include all or a portion of the planning, design, development, finance, construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, improvement, acquisition, lease, operation, or maintenance of highway, public street, rail, bus, or related facilities supplemental to or improvements upon existing facilities currently owned or operated by the department or other project sponsor. See California Government Code 64102
• Project sponsor: shall mean either the department, a regional transportation planning agency designated pursuant to Section 29532 or 29532. See California Government Code 64102
• Property: includes both personal and real property. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Property: includes real and personal property and any interest therein. See California Family Code 113
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• public agency: means any state or local agency. See California Government Code 7920.525
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• public records: includes any writing containing information relating to the conduct of the public's business prepared, owned, used, or retained by any state or local agency regardless of physical form or characteristics. See California Government Code 7920.530
• Purchase: means taking by sale, lease, discount, negotiation, mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest, issue or reissue, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Registrant: means a person who files a brand under this article. See California Business and Professions Code 14425
• Registrant: means any person who files and publishes a name, mark or device under this article. See California Business and Professions Code 14480
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Remedy: means any remedial right to which an aggrieved party is entitled with or without resort to a tribunal. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Right: includes remedy. See California Commercial Code 1201
• schoolsite: means a parcel of land, or two or more contiguous parcels, which is owned by a school district. See California Education Code 17487
• Security interest: includes any interest of a consignor and a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, a payment intangible, or a promissory note in a transaction that is subject to Division 9 (commencing with Section 9101). See California Commercial Code 1201
• Sequester: To separate. Sometimes juries are sequestered from outside influences during their deliberations.
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Signed: includes using any symbol executed or adopted with present intention to adopt or accept a writing. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Government Code 12.2
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by Section 297. See California Family Code 143
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Government Code 18
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See California Commercial Code 1201
• State: includes the District of Columbia and the territories when applied to the different parts of the United States, and the words "United States" may include the district and territories. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, or a commonwealth, territory, or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See California Family Code 145
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Food and Agricultural Code 49
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which the term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Government Code 10
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• supplies: means containers, equipment or supplies bearing a brand. See California Business and Professions Code 14425
• Supplies: means supplies bearing a name, mark or device filed and published under this article. See California Business and Professions Code 14480
• Support: refers to a support obligation owing on behalf of a child, spouse, or family, or an amount owing pursuant to Section 17402. See California Family Code 150
• Support order: means a judgment or order of support in favor of an obligee, whether temporary or final, or subject to modification, termination, or remission, regardless of the kind of action or proceeding in which it is entered. See California Family Code 155
• Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Thrift obligations: as used in this chapter include principal invested in investment or thrift certificates however evidenced, and unpaid interest thereon accrued as of the last interest accrual date prior to the date the commissioner takes possession of the property and business of a member or the date such member is the subject of an order for relief in bankruptcy, whichever occurs sooner. See California Financial Code 18477
• Town: includes "unincorporated town" and "village. See California Government Code 21
• Toxic air contaminant: means an air pollutant which may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or in serious illness, or which may pose a present or potential hazard to human health. See California Health and Safety Code 39655
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustor: The person who makes or creates a trust. Also known as the grantor or settlor.
• Truth in Lending Act: The Truth in Lending Act is a federal law that requires lenders to provide standardized information so that borrowers can compare loan terms. In general, lenders must provide information on ^{Source: OCC}
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• United States: includes its territories and possessions and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Value: means fair market value. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Verified: means signed and sworn to or affirmed. See California Commercial Code 6102
• Warehouse receipt: means a receipt issued by a person engaged in the business of storing goods for hire. See California Commercial Code 1201
• will: includes codicil. See California Civil Code 14
• Will: includes codicil. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Working capital: means moneys to be used by, or on behalf of, a project sponsor to pay or prepay maintenance or operation expenses or any other costs that would be treated as an expense item, under generally accepted accounting principles, in connection with the ownership or operation of a project, including, but not limited to, reserves for maintenance or operation expenses, interest for a period not to exceed one year on any loan for working capital made pursuant to this division, and reserves for debt service with respect to, and any costs necessary or incidental to, that financing. See California Government Code 64102
• Writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Writing: includes printing and typewriting. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• writing: means any handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostating, photographing, photocopying, transmitting by electronic mail or facsimile, and every other means of recording upon any tangible thing any form of communication or representation, including letters, words, pictures, sounds, or symbols, or combinations thereof, and any record thereby created, regardless of the manner in which the record has been stored. See California Government Code 7920.545