(a) In any action brought pursuant to this part, it shall be the claimant‘s burden to prove by a preponderance of the evidence the person‘s bad faith intent. In determining whether there is bad faith intent pursuant to § 481B-22, a court may consider factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

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Terms Used In Hawaii Revised Statutes 481B-23

  • Claimant: means the person alleging a violation of this part. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 481B-21
  • Domain name: means any alphanumeric designation that is registered with or assigned by any domain name registrar, domain name registry, or other domain name registration authority as part of an electronic address on the Internet. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 481B-21
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Mark: includes "trademarks" "trade names" and "service marks" as defined in [section] 481A-2. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 481B-21
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, government, governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, unincorporated association, two or more of any of the foregoing having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 481B-21
(1) The trademark or other intellectual property rights of the person, if any, in the domain name;
(2) The person’s prior use, if any, of the domain name in connection with the bona fide offering of any goods or services;
(3) The person’s bona fide noncommercial or fair use of the mark in a site accessible under the domain name;
(4) The person’s intent to divert users from the mark owner’s online location to a site accessible under the domain name that could harm the goodwill represented by the mark, either for commercial gain or to tarnish or disparage the mark, by creating a likelihood of confusion as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of the site;
(5) The extent to which the domain name consists of the legal name of the person or a name that is otherwise commonly used to identify the person;
(6) The person’s offer to transfer, sell, or otherwise assign the domain name for financial gain without having used or having an intent to use, the domain name in the bona fide offering of any goods or services or the person’s prior conduct indicating a pattern of such conduct;
(7) The person’s provision of material and misleading false contact information when applying for the registration of the domain name, the person’s intentional failure to maintain accurate contact information, or the person’s prior conduct indicating a pattern of such conduct;
(8) The person’s registration or acquisition of multiple domain names that the person knew were identical or confusingly similar to marks of others that were distinctive at the time of registration of the domain names, without regard to the goods or services of the parties;
(9) The person’s registration or acquisition of multiple domain names that the person knew were identical or confusingly similar to the name of another living person, without the person’s consent; and
(10) The person sought or obtained consent from the rightful owner to register, traffic in, or use the domain name.
(b) Bad faith intent described in subsection (a) shall not be found in any case in which the court determines that the person alleged to be in violation of this part believed and had reasonable grounds to believe that the use of the domain name was a fair use or otherwise lawful.

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