Terms Used In New York Laws > Indian > Article 4 - The Seneca Indians

• Access: means to instruct, communicate with, store data in, retrieve from, or otherwise make use of any resources of a computer, physically, directly or by electronic means. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Accumulated contributions: shall mean the sum of all the amounts deducted from the compensation of a contributor, and credited to his individual account in the annuity savings fund together with regular interest thereon. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
• Annuity: shall mean the annual payments for life derived from contributions made by contributor as provided in this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Annuity reserve: shall mean the present value of all payments to be made on account of any annuity, or benefit in lieu of any annuity, computed upon the basis of such mortality tables as shall be adopted by the retirement board with regular interest. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• banking institution: when used in this article, shall mean any entity authorized by its charter to accept deposits and to make loans. See N.Y. Banking Law 221-B
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beneficiary: shall mean any person in receipt of a retirement allowance or other benefit as provided by this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• chancellor: shall mean the chancellor of the city district. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Child care institution: shall mean any facility serving thirteen or more children licensed by the department of social services pursuant to title one of Article 7 of the social services law operated by an authorized agency, or a residential treatment facility for children and youth, whether or not such residential treatment facility is operated by an authorized agency, except that Blythedale Children's Hospital shall be a child care institution. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Child with a handicapping condition: shall mean a person between the ages of five and twenty-one who has been identified through appropriate evaluation and assessment as having a disability arising from cognitive, emotional or physical factors, or any combination thereof, which interferes with the child's ability to benefit from regular education. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• city board: shall mean the board of education of the city district. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• city district: shall mean the city school district of the city of New York. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Codicil: An addition, change, or supplement to a will executed with the same formalities required for the will itself.
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of agriculture and markets. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 258-BB
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• community board: shall mean the board of education of a community district. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• community council: shall mean the community district education council of a community district established pursuant to section twenty-five hundred ninety-c of this article. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• community district: shall mean a community school district created or to be created within the city district under the provisions of this article. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• community superintendent: shall mean the superintendent of schools of a community district. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Computer: means a device or group of devices which, by manipulation of electronic, magnetic, optical or electrochemical impulses, pursuant to a computer program, can automatically perform arithmetic, logical, storage or retrieval operations with or on computer data, and includes any connected or directly related device, equipment or facility which enables such computer to store, retrieve or communicate to or from a person, another computer or another device the results of computer operations, computer programs or computer data. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Computer network: means the interconnection of hardwire or wireless communication lines with a computer through remote terminals, or a complex consisting of two or more interconnected computers. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Computer service: means any and all services provided by or through the facilities of any computer communication system allowing the input, output, examination, or transfer, of computer data or computer programs from one computer to another. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Consumer: means any person other than a milk dealer who purchases milk for fluid consumption. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Contributor: shall mean any member of the retirement system who has an account in the annuity savings fund as provided by this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
• County: shall mean the county executive, or if there is none, the chairman of the county legislative body of the county which is responsible for a child in a child care institution or a private school, except within the city of New York, in which case county shall mean the mayor of said city. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Default: means an adjudication or other official determination of a court of competent jurisdiction or other public authority pursuant to which a conservator, receiver, or other legal custodian is appointed for an insured institution for the purpose of liquidation. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Director: means the director of the division of milk control. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Division: means the division of milk control created by this article. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Donee: The recipient of a gift.
• educational facilities: shall mean land and the improvements thereon for use in connection with any educational activity to be undertaken or provided by the city board or any community council or any facility attendant thereto or any facility necessary, useful or desirable in connection with such activity. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
• employee: means a person employed by the state university, the board of higher education of the city of New York, or a community college established and operated under article one hundred twenty-six of this chapter. See N.Y. Education Law 398
• Employer: shall mean the state of New York, the city, the village, school district board or trustee, or other agency of and within the state by which a teacher is paid. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Farm and food product: means any agricultural, horticultural, forest, or other product of the soil or water that has been grown, harvested, or produced wholly within the state of New York. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 282
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Felony: as used in this article means any felony defined in the laws of this state or any offense defined in the laws of any other jurisdiction for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment in excess of one year is authorized in this state. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Final average salary: shall mean the average annual compensation earnable as a teacher during the five years of service immediately preceding his date of retirement, or it shall mean the average annual compensation earnable as a teacher during any five consecutive years of state service, said five years to be selected by the applicant prior to date of retirement. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• First-instance processing: shall mean the washing, grading and packaging of farm and food products in connection with a farmers' market. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 260
• Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
  • You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
  • The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
  • The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
• Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• foreign banking corporation: when used in this article, shall mean any banking institution organized under the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States, any state of the United States or Puerto Rico. See N.Y. Banking Law 221-B
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Fund: means the state savings and loan insurance fund created by section four hundred twenty-a of this article. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• gifted pupils: shall mean those pupils who show evidence of high performance capability and exceptional potential in areas such as general intellectual ability, special academic aptitude and outstanding ability in visual and performing arts. See N.Y. Education Law 4452
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Highly distressed area: means : (a) a census tract or tracts or block numbering area or areas or such census tract or block numbering area contiguous thereto which, according to the most recent census data available, has:
  
  (i) a poverty rate of at least twenty percent for the year to which the data relates or at least twenty percent of the households receiving public assistance; and
  
  (ii) an unemployment rate of at least one and twenty-five one hundredths times the statewide unemployment rate for the year to which the data relates; or
  
  (b) a city, town, village or county within a city with a population of one million or more for which: (i) the ratio of the full value property wealth, as determined by the comptroller for the year nineteen hundred ninety, per resident to the statewide average full value property wealth per resident; and (ii) the ratio of the income per resident, as shown in the nineteen hundred ninety census to the statewide average income per resident; are each fifty-five percent or less of the statewide average. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Insured account: means a savings account held by an insured member and which is insured under the provisions of this article. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• insured member: means a savings and loan association whose application for membership in the fund has been accepted and approved; and which has made all payments required by this article; and whose membership has not been terminated. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• Insured savings and loan association: means an association whose accounts are insured under this article. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Investment companies: means the NYSBIC and the NYSSBIC collectively. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Joint meeting: An occasion, often ceremonial, when the House and Senate each adopt a unanimous consent agreement
• Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants.
• Judgement: The official decision of a court finally determining the respective rights and claims of the parties to a suit.
• labor official: means any duly appointed representative of a labor organization or any duly appointed trustee or representative of an employee welfare trust fund. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.10
• lawful rental and other lawful charges: means registered, reported or contracted for rent pursuant to chapter four hundred three of the laws of nineteen hundred eighty-three, Article 2 of the private housing finance law or section eight of the federal housing act of nineteen hundred sixty-eight, or, rent contained in a court approved stipulation of settlement, even if such rent or charges are subsequently decreased by order of the department of housing and community renewal or a court of competent jurisdiction. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.54
• lessor: means a banking organization, foreign banking corporation or a national banking association authorized to engage in the safe deposit business. See N.Y. Banking Law 332
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• licensed casher of checks: means any individual, partnership, unincorporated association or corporation duly licensed by the superintendent of financial services to engage in business pursuant to the provisions of this article. See N.Y. Banking Law 366
• licensee: means a licensed casher of checks, drafts and/or money orders. See N.Y. Banking Law 366
• Licensee: means a licensed milk dealer. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Local district pension system: shall mean any teachers' retirement system or other arrangement for the payment of pensions or annuities to teachers exclusive of the retirement fund, created in any city or school district of this state prior to the first day of August, nineteen hundred twenty-one. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• locker plant: shall mean any building, or portion thereof, under such chemical refrigeration, in which individual compartments or lockers, each of not more than one hundred cubic feet capacity, are rented for the purpose of freezer storage of articles of food. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 230
• Maintenance: shall mean the amount charged for room and board, residential care and medical expenses, including those expenses reimbursable pursuant to title nineteen of the federal social security act, defined in accordance with the regulations of the commissioner of social services for a child care institution pursuant to § 398-a of the social services law. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Majority leader: see Floor Leaders
• Milk broker: means any person who buys and sells milk for licensees on a fee or commission basis or who arranges for or negotiates contracts to buy or sell milk among licensees. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Milk dealer: means any person who purchases, handles or sells milk, or bargains for the purchase or sale of milk, including brokers and agents. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Milk production area: as used in this article means those dairy farms maintained primarily as a source of fluid milk for a marketing area. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 258-L
• mobile unit: means any vehicle or other movable means from which the business of cashing checks, drafts or money orders is to be conducted. See N.Y. Banking Law 366
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Motor vehicle: includes every vehicle operated or driven upon a public highway which is propelled by any power other than muscular power, except (a) electrically-driven invalid chairs being operated or driven by an invalid, (b) vehicles which run only upon rails or tracks, and (c) snowmobiles as defined in Article forty-seven of the vehicle and traffic law. See N.Y. Penal Law 150.00
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• National Credit Union Administration: The federal regulatory agency that charters and supervises federal credit unions. (NCUA also administers the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, which insures the deposits of federal credit unions.) ^{Source: OCC}
• NYSBIC: means the New York small business investment company which shall be organized and operated in conformity with Section 301(c) and applicable regulations. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• NYSSBIC: means the New York specialized small business investment company which shall be organized and operated in conformity with Section 301(d) and applicable regulations. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• organization certificate: shall include an amended organization certificate. See N.Y. Banking Law 291
• organization certificate: shall include an amended organization certificate. See N.Y. Banking Law 447-A
• Outlays: Outlays are payments made (generally through the issuance of checks or disbursement of cash) to liquidate obligations. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year.
• parent: shall mean a person in parental relation to a child, as that phrase is defined in subdivision ten of section two of this chapter. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Pari-mutuel horse race: means any horse race upon which betting is conducted under the provisions of the pari-mutuel revenue law as set forth in chapter 254 of the laws of 1940. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.35
• Pension: shall mean the annual payments for life derived from payments made by an employer as provided in this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Person: means any individual or entity. See N.Y. Penal Law 187.00
• Person: means any person, firm, corporation, co-partnership, association, co-operative corporation or unincorporated co-operative association. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Person: means any person, firm, corporation, co-partnership, association, co-operative corporation or unincorporated co-operative association. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 258-BB
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Present teacher: shall mean any teacher who was a teacher on or before the first day of August, nineteen hundred twenty-one, whose membership in the retirement system created by this article has been continuous and
  
  a. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Probation officers: Screen applicants for pretrial release and monitor convicted offenders released under court supervision.
• Producer: means a person producing milk. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• project: shall mean , with respect to an educational facilities capital plan, (a) the performance, at a specified educational facility, of one or more program elements, as defined in paragraph a, b, c or d of subdivision two of section twenty-five hundred ninety-p of this article; or (b) the performance of the program elements defined in paragraphs f and g of such subdivision or any system replacement identified in paragraph e of such subdivision. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public agency: shall mean the family court, the division for youth or the local social services district. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Public or private agency: shall mean any agency of federal, state or local government, regional market authority, public benefit corporation, not-for-profit corporation, cooperative corporation or educational institution. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 260
• Pupil: means a child for whom transportation aid is paid and who lives more than one and one-half miles from the school which he or she attends, measured by the nearest available road to such school, or a child who lives more than one mile from an approved route, measured by the nearest available road to such route, and also lives more than one and one-half miles from the school which he or she attends. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• refrigerated warehouse: shall mean any establishment or structure, or portion thereof, where space is rented or hired for the storage of food at or below the temperature of forty-five degrees Fahrenheit for more than thirty days. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 230
• refrigeration: shall mean the storage or keeping of articles of food in a refrigerated warehouse at or below a temperature above zero of forty-five degrees Fahrenheit. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 230
• Regional or joint transportation system: means a transportation system in which a school district participates pursuant to a contract executed in accordance with paragraph h of subdivision twenty-five of section seventeen hundred nine of this chapter. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• registered voter: shall mean an elector of the city of New York under the election law. See N.Y. Education Law 2590-A
• Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• representative: shall mean any person or entity engaging in any activity in this state for or on behalf of a foreign banking corporation, provided that such activity is not otherwise permitted by law. See N.Y. Banking Law 221-B
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Reserves: means the aggregate total of capital, advance premiums, assessments and retained earnings of the fund. See N.Y. Banking Law 420
• Residential mortgage loan: means a loan or agreement to extend credit, including the renewal, refinancing or modification of any such loan, made to a person, which loan is primarily secured by either a mortgage, deed of trust, or other lien upon any interest in residential real property or any certificate of stock or other evidence of ownership in, and a proprietary lease from, a corporation or partnership formed for the purpose of cooperative ownership of residential real property. See N.Y. Penal Law 187.00
• Residential real property: means real property improved by a one-to-four family dwelling, or a residential unit in a building including units owned as condominiums or on a cooperative basis, used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, wholly or partly, as the home or residence of one or more persons, but shall not refer to unimproved real property upon which such dwellings are to be constructed. See N.Y. Penal Law 187.00
• Retirement allowance: shall mean the pension plus the annuity. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Retirement board: shall mean the retirement board provided by section five hundred four of this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Retirement fund: shall mean the state teachers' retirement fund for public school teachers of the state of New York as created by chapter one hundred forty of the laws of nineteen hundred ten, chapter four hundred forty-nine of the laws of nineteen hundred eleven, chapter forty-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fourteen, chapter one hundred three of the laws of nineteen hundred nineteen and chapter one hundred sixty-one of the laws of nineteen hundred twenty-three. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Retirement system: shall mean the New York state teachers' retirement system provided for in section five hundred two of this article. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
• Route: means a highway or highways over and upon which a school bus regularly travels in accordance with a schedule maintained for the transportation of pupils from their homes to school. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• safe deposit box: means a vault, safe deposit box or other receptacle. See N.Y. Banking Law 332
• salary: means that amount fixed by or pursuant to law and paid by or for an employer to an employee as compensation for services rendered by the employee to the employer. See N.Y. Education Law 398
• salary: shall mean the amount of compensation that is to be paid to a teacher for services rendered during the full ten months period that the public schools of the district are required by law to be in session during any school year. See N.Y. Education Law 3101
• School bus: means any vehicle or other means of conveyance used for the purpose of transporting pupils. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• School district: means common school districts, to the extent that they provide transportation of students in grades seven through twelve to a school outside the district, consolidated school districts, central school districts, central high school districts, union free school districts, except special act school districts as defined in section four thousand one of this chapter, and city school districts. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• School district of origin: shall mean the public school district of which a child was or is a resident at the time of such child's placement in the care and custody of a public agency. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• School district of residence: shall mean the public school district in which the child was or is living at the time a public agency is considering placement of the child in a child care institution, or at the time a child is placed with the division for youth. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Service: shall mean actual teaching or supervision by the teacher during regular school hours of the day, and shall mean governmental service in the state of New York in another capacity where the teacher was a member of the New York state employees retirement system, and where such service was credited to the teacher in the said New York state employees retirement system. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Special act school district: shall mean those school districts enumerated in chapter five hundred sixty-six of the laws of nineteen hundred sixty-seven as amended. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• Sports contest: means any professional or amateur sport or athletic game or contest viewed by the public. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.35
• Sports official: means any person who acts or expects to act in a sports contest as an umpire, referee, judge or otherwise to officiate at a sports contest. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.35
• Sports participant: means any person who participates or expects to participate in a sports contest as a player, contestant or member of a team, or as a coach, manager, trainer or other person directly associated with a player, contestant or team. See N.Y. Penal Law 180.35
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Storage: means any school bus garage facilities or sites which may be approved by the commissioner. See N.Y. Education Law 3621
• Storage: shall mean a facility or equipment with a refrigerated, controlled atmosphere, or other enclosed unit used for the purpose of long-term storage of farm and food products in connection with a farmers' market. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 260
• Store: means an individual business establishment at one location including a grocery store, hotel, restaurant, soda fountain, dairy products store, automatic milk vending machine, gasoline station or a similar mercantile establishment offering goods and/or services at retail to individual consumers. See N.Y. Agriculture and Markets Law 253
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Teacher: shall mean any regular teacher, special teacher, including any school librarian or physical training teacher, principal, vice-principal, supervisor, supervisory principal, director, superintendent, city superintendent, assistant city superintendent, district superintendent and other member of the teaching or professional staff of any class, public school, vocational school, truant reformatory school or parental school, and of any or all classes of schools within the state of New York, including schools on the Indian reservation, conducted under the order and superintendence of and wholly or partly at the expense of the New York state education department or of a duly elected board of education, board of school directors or board of trustees of the state or of any city or school district thereof, provided that no person shall be deemed a teacher within the meaning of this article who is not so employed for full time outside vacation periods. See N.Y. Education Law 501
• Teachers: shall mean all full-time members of the teaching and supervisory staff of each school district of the state, including, if employed in such district, the superintendent of schools, associate, district or other superintendents, members of the board of examiners, directors, inspectors, supervisors, principals, administrative assistants, first assistants, teachers, school psychologists, social workers in a city having a population of over one million, lecturers and special instructors, except employees holding the positions enumerated in subdivisions one and two of section thirty-one hundred six of this article. See N.Y. Education Law 3101
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Title III: means Title III of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, United States Pub. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Tuition: shall mean the per pupil cost of all instructional services, supplies and equipment, and the operation of instructional facilities as determined by the commissioner. See N.Y. Education Law 4001
• tuition: as used in this article and in the provisions of chapter ten hundred sixty of the laws of nineteen hundred seventy-four shall mean the per pupil cost of all instructional services, supplies, equipment and the operation of instructional facilities as determined by the commissioner. See N.Y. Education Law 4211
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• Usury: Charging an illegally high interest rate on a loan. ^{Source: OCC}
• Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
• Voting shareholders: means those shareholders of the NYSBIC or the NYSSBIC that contribute to the capitalization and ongoing funding of the investment companies. See N.Y. Banking Law 228-B
• Without authorization: means to use or to access a computer, computer service or computer network without the permission of the owner or lessor or someone licensed or privileged by the owner or lessor where such person knew that his or her use or access was without permission or after actual notice to such person that such use or access was without permission. See N.Y. Penal Law 156.00
• Year of service: shall mean the number of years which a teacher has served in the school district in which he is employed including the year for which a determination for salary purposes is made. See N.Y. Education Law 3101