Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 41 > Chapter 3 - Motor Vehicle Business Regulation Act

• Abstract of judgment: In a federal criminal proceeding, A certification from a U.S. District Court clerk that a judgment of restitution was entered against the defendant owing to the victim. If the defendant inherits, owns, or sells real property or holdings, these assets can then be attached at the state and local levels as well.
• action: as used in this chapter includes counterclaims and cross-complaints and all other civil actions in which affirmative relief is sought. See Utah Code 78B-2-101
• Adjudicative proceeding: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Administrator: means the motor vehicle enforcement administrator. See Utah Code 41-3-102
• Administrator: includes "executor" when the subject matter justifies the use. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Adverse event: means an injury or suspected injury that is associated with a health care process rather than an underlying condition of a patient or a disease. See Utah Code 78B-3-450
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affected party: means :

  (a)	a patient; and

  (b)

  any representative of a patient. See Utah Code 78B-3-450 Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths. Agent: means a person other than a holder of any dealer's or salesperson's license issued under this chapter, who for salary, commission, or compensation of any kind, negotiates in any way for the sale, purchase, order, or exchange of three or more motor vehicles for any other person in any 12-month period. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Allegation: something that someone says happened. Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it. Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year. Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense. Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant. Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal. Appointing authority: means the presiding officer or similar official of any court, board, commission, authority, department, agency, legislative body, or of any proceeding of any nature where a qualified interpreter is required under this part. See Utah Code 78B-1-201 Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority. Asbestos claim: means a claim, wherever or whenever made, for damages, losses, indemnification, contribution, or other relief arising out of, based on, or in any way related to asbestos, including: (a)  the health effects of exposure to asbestos, including a claim for: (i)  personal injury or death; (ii)  mental or emotional injury; (iii)  risk of disease or other injury; or (iv)  the costs of medical monitoring or surveillance; (b)  a claim made by or on behalf of a person exposed to asbestos, or a representative, spouse, parent, child, or other relative of the person; and (c)  a claim for damage or loss caused by the installation, presence, or removal of asbestos. See Utah Code 78B-4-602 Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court. Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court. Auction: means a dealer engaged in the business of auctioning motor vehicles, either owned or consigned, to the general public. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Audiologist: means a person licensed to practice audiology under Title 58, Chapter 41, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Licensing Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Authority board: means the board of directors of a local building authority, as described in Section 17D-2-203. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Authorized service center: means an entity that: (a)  is in the business of repairing exclusively the motor vehicles of the same line-make as the motor vehicles a single direct-sale manufacturer manufactures; (b)  the direct-sale manufacturer described in Subsection (4)(a) authorizes to complete warranty repair work for motor vehicles that the direct-sale manufacturer sells, displays for sale, or offers for sale or exchange; and (c)  conducts business primarily from an enclosed commercial repair facility that is permanently located in the state. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed. Board: means the advisory board created in Section 41-3-106. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Body shop: means a person engaged in rebuilding, restoring, repairing, or painting the body of motor vehicles for compensation. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Bond: includes a bond, note, or other instrument issued under this chapter evidencing an indebtedness of a local building authority. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Breach of system security: means the same as that term is defined in Section 13-44-102. See Utah Code 78B-4-701 Certified social worker: means a person licensed to practice as a certified social worker under Section 58-60-205. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Chiropractic physician: means a person licensed to practice chiropractic under Title 58, Chapter 73, Chiropractic Physician Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 City: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Claim: means any assertion by or on behalf of a natural person, as well as any derivative claim arising from it, and asserted by or on behalf of any other person. See Utah Code 78B-4-302 clerk of the court: means the person so designated by title and includes any deputy clerk. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Clinical social worker: means a person licensed to practice as a clinical social worker under Section 58-60-205. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Commercial entity: includes corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, limited partnerships, sole proprietorships, or other legally recognized entities. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Commission: means the State Tax Commission. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Commission: means the Judicial Performance Evaluation Commission established by this chapter. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Commission: means the Judicial Conduct Commission established by Utah Constitution Article VIII, Section 13 and this chapter. See Utah Code 78A-11-102 Commission: means a district and juvenile court nominating commission created in Subsection (2). See Utah Code 78A-10-301 v2 Commission: means a judicial nominating commission created under Section 78A-10a-302 or 78A-10a-402. See Utah Code 78A-10a-101 Commission: means the Appellate Court Nominating Commission created under Section 78A-10a-302. See Utah Code 78A-10a-301 Commission: means a district and juvenile court nominating commission created under Section 78A-10a-402. See Utah Code 78A-10a-401 Commission: means the Business and Chancery Court Nominating Commission created in Section 78A-10a-502. See Utah Code 78A-10a-501 Commissioner: means a member appointed to a judicial nominating commission. See Utah Code 78A-10-101.5 Commissioner: means a member of a district and juvenile court nominating commission created in Subsection (2). See Utah Code 78A-10-301 v2 Commissioner: means an individual appointed by the governor to serve on a judicial nominating commission created under Section 78A-10a-302 or 78A-10a-402. See Utah Code 78A-10a-101 Commissioner: means an individual appointed by the governor to serve on the Appellate Court Nominating Commission created under Section 78A-10a-302. See Utah Code 78A-10a-301 Commissioner: means an individual appointed by the governor to serve on a district and juvenile court nominating commission created under Section 78A-10a-402. See Utah Code 78A-10a-401 Commissioner: means an individual appointed by the governor to serve on the Business and Chancery Court Nominating Commission. See Utah Code 78A-10a-501 Commissioner: means the commissioner of insurance as provided in Section 31A-2-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Communication: means any written or oral communication created for or during a medical candor process. See Utah Code 78B-3-450 Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Complaint: includes : (i)  a written complaint against a judge; or (ii)  an allegation based on reliable information received in any form, from any source, that alleges, or from which a reasonable inference can be drawn that a judge is in violation of any provision of Utah Constitution Article VIII, Section 13. See Utah Code 78A-11-102 Consignee: means a dealer who accepts vehicles for sale under an agreement that the dealer will pay the consignor for any sold vehicle and will return any unsold vehicles. See Utah Code 41-3-802 Consignor: means a person who places a vehicle with a consignee for consignment sale. See Utah Code 41-3-802 Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time. Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed. Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant. Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Corporation: means a corporation for profit, including a domestic corporation organized under the laws of this state or a foreign corporation organized under laws other than this state. See Utah Code 78B-4-602 Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff. County executive: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 County legislative body: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Court: means trial court. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Creating local entity: means the local entity that creates or created the local building authority. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Crusher: means a person who crushes or shreds motor vehicles subject to registration under Chapter 1a, Motor Vehicle Act, to reduce the useable materials and metals to a more compact size for recycling. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Damage or injury: includes physical, nonphysical, economic, and noneconomic damage. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. deaf or hard of hearing parent: means a deaf or hard of hearing person who, because of sensory or environmental conditions, requires the assistance of a qualified interpreter or other special assistance for communicative purposes. See Utah Code 78B-1-201 Dealer: includes a representative or consignee of any dealer. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Decedent: A deceased person. Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another. Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Dental care provider: means any person, partnership, association, corporation, or other facility or institution who causes to be rendered or who renders dental care or professional services as a dentist, dental hygienist, or other person rendering similar care and services relating to or arising out of the practice of dentistry or the practice of dental hygiene, and the officers, employees, or agents of any of the above acting in the course and scope of their employment. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Dental hygienist: means a person licensed to engage in the practice of dental hygiene as defined in Section 58-69-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Dentist: means a person licensed to engage in the practice of dentistry as defined in Section 58-69-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another. Depose: means to make a written statement made under oath or affirmation. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial. Direct-sale manufacturer: means a person: (a)  that is both a manufacturer and a dealer; (b)  that is: (i)  an electric vehicle manufacturer; or (ii)  a low-volume manufacturer; (c)  that is not a franchise holder; (d)  that is domiciled in the United States; and (e)  whose chief officers direct, control, and coordinate the person's activities as a direct-sale manufacturer from a physical location in the United States. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Direct-sale manufacturer salesperson: means an individual who for a salary, commission, or compensation of any kind, is employed either directly, indirectly, regularly, or occasionally by a direct-sale manufacturer to sell, purchase, or exchange or to negotiate for the sale, purchase, or exchange of a motor vehicle manufactured by the direct-sale manufacturer who employs the individual. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial. Dismantler: includes a person who dismantles three or more motor vehicles in any 12-month period. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source: Distribute: means to issue, sell, give, provide, deliver, transfer, transmute, circulate, or disseminate by any means. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Distributor: means a person who has a franchise from a manufacturer of motor vehicles to distribute motor vehicles within this state and who in whole or in part sells or distributes new motor vehicles to dealers or who maintains distributor representatives. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Distributor branch: means a branch office similarly maintained by a distributor for the same purposes a factory branch is maintained. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Distributor representative: means a person and each officer and employee of the person engaged as a representative of a distributor or distributor branch of motor vehicles to make or promote the sale of the distributor or the distributor branch's motor vehicles, or for supervising or contacting dealers or prospective dealers of the distributor or the distributor branch. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Division: means the Motor Vehicle Enforcement Division created in Section 41-3-104. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Division: means the Division of Professional Licensing created in Section 58-1-103. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Does not meet or exceed minimum performance standards: means that: (a)  (i)  a judge does not meet the certification standards under Section 78A-12-205; and (ii)  the presumption, described in Subsection 78A-12-203(4)(b)(ii), that the judge does not meet or exceed minimum performance standards is not overcome by substantial countervailing evidence; or (b)  a judge meets the certification standards under Section 78A-12-205, but the presumption, described in Subsection 78A-12-203(4)(b)(i), that the judge meets or exceeds minimum performance standards is overcome by substantial countervailing evidence. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Donor: The person who makes a gift. Electric vehicle manufacturer: means a person that, in this state, sells, displays for sale, or offers for sale or exchange only new motor vehicles of the person's own line-make that are: (a)  exclusively propelled through the use of electricity, a hydrogen fuel cell, or another non-fossil fuel source; (b)  (i)  passenger vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less; or (ii)  trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less; and (c)  manufactured by the person. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs. Equine: means any member of the equidae family. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Equine activity: means : (a)  equine shows, fairs, competitions, performances, racing, sales, or parades that involve any breeds of equines and any equine disciplines, including dressage, hunter and jumper horse shows, grand prix jumping, multiple-day events, combined training, rodeos, driving, pulling, cutting, polo, steeple chasing, hunting, endurance trail riding, and western games; (b)  boarding or training equines; (c)  teaching persons equestrian skills; (d)  riding, inspecting, or evaluating an equine owned by another person regardless of whether the owner receives monetary or other valuable consideration; (e)  riding, inspecting, or evaluating an equine by a prospective purchaser; or (f)  other equine activities of any type including rides, trips, hunts, or informal or spontaneous activities sponsored by an equine activity sponsor. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Equine activity sponsor: means an individual, group, governmental entity, club, partnership, or corporation, whether operating for profit or as a nonprofit entity, which sponsors, organizes, or provides facilities for an equine activity, including: (a)  pony clubs, hunt clubs, riding clubs, 4-H programs, therapeutic riding programs, and public and private schools and postsecondary educational institutions that sponsor equine activities; and (b)  operators, instructors, and promoters of equine facilities, stables, clubhouses, ponyride strings, fairs, and arenas. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Equine professional: means a person compensated for an equine activity by: (a)  instructing a participant; (b)  renting to a participant an equine to ride, drive, or be a passenger upon the equine; or (c)  renting equine equipment or tack to a participant. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office. Factory branch: means a branch office maintained by a person who manufactures or assembles motor vehicles for sale to distributors, motor vehicle dealers, or who directs or supervises the factory branch's representatives. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Factory representative: means a person and each officer and employee of the person engaged as a representative of a manufacturer of motor vehicles or by a factory branch to make or promote the sale of the manufacturer's or factory branch's motor vehicles, or for supervising or contacting the dealers or prospective dealers of the manufacturer or the factory branch. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller. Financially secure source of recovery: means that, at the time of the incident, a nonprofit organization: (a)  has an insurance policy in effect that covers the activities of the volunteer and has an insurance limit of not less than the limits established under the Governmental Immunity Act of Utah in Section 63G-7-604; or (b)  has established a qualified trust with a value not less than the combined limits for property damage and single occurrence liability established under the Governmental Immunity Act of Utah in Section 63G-7-604. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances: You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change. The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time). Fleet transaction: means a licensee's sale of one or more motor vehicles to a manufacturer-approved current fleet customer under the manufacturer's fleet program. See Utah Code 41-3-102 v2 Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC Franchise: includes a contract or agreement described in Subsection (20)(a) regardless of whether the contract or agreement is subject to Title 13, Chapter 14, New Automobile Franchise Act, Title 13, Chapter 35, Powersport Vehicle Franchise Act, or neither. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Franchise holder: means a manufacturer who: (i)  previously had a franchised dealer in the United States; (ii)  currently has a franchised dealer in the United States; (iii)  is a successor to another manufacturer who previously had or currently has a franchised dealer in the United States; (iv)  is a material owner of another manufacturer who previously had or currently has a franchised dealer in the United States; (v)  is under legal or common ownership, or practical control, with another manufacturer who previously had or currently has a franchised dealer in the United States; or (vi)  is in a partnership, joint venture, or similar arrangement for production of a commonly owned line-make with another manufacturer who previously had or currently has a franchised dealer in the United States. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another. Future damages: includes a judgment creditor's damages for future medical treatment, care or custody, loss of future earnings, loss of bodily function, or future pain and suffering. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor Governing body: means : (a)  for a county, city, or town, the legislative body of the county, city, or town; (b)  for a school district, the local school board for the school district; (c)  for a special district, the special district's board of trustees; and (d)  for a special service district, the special service district's governing body, as defined in Section 17D-1-102. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage, Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it. Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs. Guardian: includes a person who:Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted. Harm: means : (a)  personal injury, death, or illness, except an injury, death, or illness that is a basis for a claim under either a state or federal workmen's compensation act by an employee of a person liable pursuant to Section 78B-3-603; (b)  damage to, destruction of, or loss of the use of property other than property at the situs of and used in connection with the activity giving rise to a nuclear incident; (c)  economic loss due to: (i)  damage to or loss of the use of property; or (ii)  environmental degradation; or (d)  expenses reasonably incurred by the state, its political subdivisions, or the agencies of either in protecting the public health and safety and the environment from a nuclear incident or the imminent danger of a nuclear incident, including, but not limited to, precautionary evacuations, emergency response measures, and, after reasonable opportunity for performance of cleanup measures by persons liable pursuant to Section 78B-3-603, decontamination or other clean-up measures. See Utah Code 78B-3-602 Health care: means any act or treatment performed or furnished, or which should have been performed or furnished, by any health care provider for, to, or on behalf of a patient during the patient's medical care, treatment, or confinement. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Health care facility: means general acute hospitals, specialty hospitals, home health agencies, hospices, nursing care facilities, assisted living facilities, birthing centers, ambulatory surgical facilities, small health care facilities, health care facilities owned or operated by health maintenance organizations, and end stage renal disease facilities. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Health care provider: includes any person, partnership, association, corporation, or other facility or institution who causes to be rendered or who renders health care or professional services as a hospital, health care facility, physician, physician assistant, registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, nurse-midwife, licensed direct-entry midwife, dentist, dental hygienist, optometrist, clinical laboratory technologist, pharmacist, physical therapist, physical therapist assistant, podiatric physician, psychologist, chiropractic physician, naturopathic physician, osteopathic physician, osteopathic physician and surgeon, audiologist, speech-language pathologist, clinical social worker, certified social worker, social service worker, marriage and family counselor, practitioner of obstetrics, licensed athletic trainer, or others rendering similar care and services relating to or arising out of the health needs of persons or groups of persons and officers, employees, or agents of any of the above acting in the course and scope of their employment. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Highway: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Hospital: means a public or private institution licensed under 2. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDIC Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies. Inherent risks of skiing: means the dangers or conditions that are an integral part of the sport of recreational, competitive, or professional skiing, including: (a)  changing weather conditions; (b)  snow or ice conditions as the snow or ice conditions exist or may change, including hard pack, powder, packed powder, wind pack, corn, crust, slush, cut-up snow, or machine-made snow; (c)  surface or subsurface conditions, including bare spots, forest growth, rocks, stumps, streambeds, cliffs, trees, or other natural objects; (d)  variations or steepness in terrain, whether natural or as a result of slope design, snowmaking or grooming operations, or other terrain modifications, including: (i)  terrain parks; (ii)  terrain features, including jumps, rails, or fun boxes; or (iii)  all other constructed and natural features, including half pipes, quarter pipes, or freestyle-bump terrain; (e)  impact with lift towers, other structures, or their components, including signs, posts, fences or enclosures, hydrants, or water pipes; (f)  collisions with other skiers; (g)  participation in, or practicing or training for, competitions or special events; and (h)  the failure of a skier to ski within the skier's own ability. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Injury: means any personal injury or property damage or loss. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Intellectual disability: means a significant, subaverage general intellectual functioning that:Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Internet: means the international computer network of both federal and non-federal interoperable packet switched data networks. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Intestate: Dying without leaving a will. Investigation: means an inquiry into an allegation of misconduct, including a search for and examination of evidence concerning the allegations, which begins upon the receipt of a complaint and is completed when either the complaint is dismissed by a majority vote of the commission or when an order is sent to the Supreme Court for its review in accordance with Utah Constitution Article VIII, Section 13. See Utah Code 78A-11-102 Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers. judge: means a state court judge or a state court justice who is subject to a retention election. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Judge: includes the chief justice of the Supreme Court, a justice of the Supreme Court, an appellate court judge, a district court judge, an active senior judge, a juvenile court judge, a justice court judge, an active senior justice court judge, and a judge pro tempore of any court of this state. See Utah Code 78A-11-102 Judgement: The official decision of a court finally determining the respective rights and claims of the parties to a suit. Judicial nominating commission: means a commission created under Section 78A-10-201, 78A-10-301, or 78A-10-402. See Utah Code 78A-10-101.5 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Juror: A person who is on the jury. Jury: means a body of persons temporarily selected from the citizens of a particular county invested with the power to present and indict a person for a public offense or to try a question of fact. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Justice: means a judge who is a member of the Supreme Court. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Justice court judge: means a judge appointed pursuant to Title 78A, Chapter 7, Justice Court. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Land: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff. Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Licensed athletic trainer: means a person licensed under Title 58, Chapter 40a, Athletic Trainer Licensing Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Licensed direct-entry midwife: means a person licensed under the Direct-entry Midwife Act to engage in the practice of direct-entry midwifery as defined in Section 58-77-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Licensed practical nurse: means a person licensed to practice as a licensed practical nurse as provided in Section 58-31b-301. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Line-make: means motor vehicles that are offered for sale, lease, or distribution under a common name, trademark, service mark, or brand name of the manufacturer. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Livestock: means all domesticated animals used in the production of food, fiber, or livestock activities. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Livestock activity: means : (a)  livestock shows, fairs, competitions, performances, packing events, or parades or rodeos that involve any or all breeds of livestock; (b)  using livestock to pull carts or to carry packs or other items; (c)  using livestock to pull travois-type carriers during rescue or emergency situations; (d)  livestock training or teaching activities or both; (e)  taking livestock on public relations trips or visits to schools or nursing homes; (f)  boarding livestock; (g)  riding, inspecting, or evaluating any livestock belonging to another, whether or not the owner has received some monetary consideration or other thing of value for the use of the livestock or is permitting a prospective purchaser of the livestock to ride, inspect, or evaluate the livestock; (h)  using livestock in wool production; (i)  rides, trips, or other livestock activities of any type however informal or impromptu that are sponsored by a livestock activity sponsor; and (j)  trimming the feet of any livestock. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Livestock activity sponsor: means an individual, group, governmental entity, club, partnership, or corporation, whether operating for profit or as a nonprofit entity, which sponsors, organizes, or provides facilities for a livestock activity, including: (a)  livestock clubs, 4-H programs, therapeutic riding programs, and public and private schools and postsecondary educational institutions that sponsor livestock activities; and (b)  operators, instructors, and promoters of livestock facilities, stables, clubhouses, fairs, and arenas. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Livestock professional: means a person compensated for a livestock activity by: (a)  instructing a participant; (b)  renting to a participant any livestock for the purpose of riding, driving, or being a passenger upon the livestock; or (c)  renting livestock equipment or tack to a participant. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Local entity: means a county, city, town, school district, special district, or special service district. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Low-volume manufacturer: means a manufacturer who: (a)  in this state, sells, displays for sale, or offers for sale or exchange only new motor vehicles of the person's own line make that are: (i)  (A)  passenger vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less; or (B)  trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less; and (ii)  manufactured by the person; and (b)  constructs no more than 325 new motor vehicles in any 12-month period. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Malpractice action against a health care provider: means any action against a health care provider, whether in contract, tort, breach of warranty, wrongful death, or otherwise, based upon alleged personal injuries relating to or arising out of health care rendered or which should have been rendered by the health care provider. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Manufacturer: means a person engaged in the business of constructing or assembling new motor vehicles, ownership of which is customarily transferred by a manufacturer's statement or certificate of origin, or a person who constructs three or more new motor vehicles in any 12-month period. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Master jury list: means the source lists as prescribed by the Judicial Council under Section 78B-1-106. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Material owner: means a person who possesses, directly or indirectly, the power to direct, or cause the direction of, the management, policies, or activities of another person: (a)  through ownership of voting securities; (b)  by contract or credit arrangement; or (c)  in another way not described in Subsections (25)(a) and (b). See Utah Code 41-3-102 Medical candor process: means the process described in Section 78B-3-451. See Utah Code 78B-3-450 Meets or exceeds minimum performance standards: means that: (a)  (i)  a judge meets the certification standards under Section 78A-12-205; and (ii)  the presumption that the judge meets or exceeds minimum performance standards, described in Subsection 78A-12-203(4)(b)(i), is not overcome by substantial countervailing evidence; or (b)  a judge does not meet the certification standards under Section 78A-12-205, but the presumption described in Subsection 78A-12-203(4)(b)(ii), that the judge does not meet or exceed minimum performance standards, is overcome by substantial countervailing evidence. See Utah Code 78A-12-102 Minor: means any person under 18 years old. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Minor: means an individual who is under 18 years old. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Minority leader: See Floor Leaders Month: means a calendar month, unless otherwise expressed. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money. Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money. Motor vehicle: means a vehicle that is: (i)  self-propelled; (ii)  a trailer; (iii)  a travel trailer; (iv)  a semitrailer; (v)  an off-highway vehicle; or (vi)  a small trailer. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Motorcycle: means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-1a-102. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Naturopathic physician: means a person licensed to engage in the practice of naturopathic medicine as defined in Section 58-71-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 necessary services: include provisions of qualified interpreters, lip reading, pen and paper, typewriters, closed-circuit television with closed-caption translations, computers with print-out capability, and telecommunications devices for the deaf or similar devices. See Utah Code 78B-1-201 New motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle that: (a)  has never been titled or registered; and (b)  for a motor vehicle that is not a trailer, travel trailer, or semitrailer, has been driven less than 7,500 miles. See Utah Code 41-3-102 News-gathering organization: means any of the following: (a)  an employee of a newspaper, news publication, or news source, printed or on an online or mobile platform, of current news and public interest, while operating as an employee as provided in this subsection, who can provide documentation of such employment with the newspaper, news publication, or news source; or (b)  an employee of a radio broadcast station, television broadcast station, cable television operator, or wire service while operating as an employee as provided in this subsection, who can provide documentation of such employment. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Nonprofit organization: means any organization, other than a public entity, described in Section 501 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under Section 501 (a) of that code. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Nuclear incident: means an incident which does not arise from an act of war and involves the release of nuclear material which results in personal injury, loss of use of property, or damage due to the radioactive, toxic, explosive, or other hazardous properties of the nuclear material. See Utah Code 78B-3-602 Nuclear material: means radioactive material used or handled in connection with: (a)  a utilization facility or production facility licensed by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission in accordance with 42 U. See Utah Code 78B-3-602 Nurse-midwife: means a person licensed to engage in practice as a nurse midwife under Section 58-44a-301. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Off-highway vehicle: means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-22-2. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Optometrist: means a person licensed to practice optometry under Title 58, Chapter 16a, Utah Optometry Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions. Osteopathic physician: means a person licensed to practice osteopathy under Title 58, Chapter 68, Utah Osteopathic Medical Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Participant: means any person, whether amateur or professional, who directly engages in an equine activity or livestock activity, regardless of whether a fee has been paid to participate. See Utah Code 78B-4-201 Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Patient: means a person who is under the care of a health care provider, under a contract, express or implied. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Pawnbroker: means a person whose business is to lend money on security of personal property deposited with him. See Utah Code 41-3-102 PCI data security standard: means the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard. See Utah Code 78B-4-701 Periodic payments: means the payment of money or delivery of other property to a judgment creditor at intervals ordered by the court. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Person: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Person: includes a financial institution organized, chartered, or holding a license authorizing operation under the laws of this state, another state, or another country. See Utah Code 78B-4-701 Personal information: means the same as that term is defined in Section 13-44-102. See Utah Code 78B-4-701 Personal property: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Personal property: All property that is not real property. Pharmacist: means a person licensed to practice pharmacy as provided in Section 58-17b-301. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Physical therapist: means a person licensed to practice physical therapy under Title 58, Chapter 24b, Physical Therapy Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Physical therapist assistant: means a person licensed to practice physical therapy, within the scope of a physical therapist assistant license, under Title 58, Chapter 24b, Physical Therapy Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Physician: means a person licensed to practice medicine and surgery under Title 58, Chapter 67, Utah Medical Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Physician assistant: means a person licensed to practice as a physician assistant under Title 58, Chapter 70a, Utah Physician Assistant Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit. Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court. Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer. Podiatric physician: means a person licensed to practice podiatry under Title 58, Chapter 5a, Podiatric Physician Licensing Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC Practitioner of obstetrics: means a person licensed to practice as a physician in this state under Title 58, Chapter 67, Utah Medical Practice Act, or under Title 58, Chapter 68, Utah Osteopathic Medical Practice Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents. Principal place of business: means a site or location in this state: (i)  devoted exclusively to the business for which the dealer, manufacturer, remanufacturer, transporter, dismantler, crusher, or body shop is licensed, and businesses incidental to them; (ii)  sufficiently bounded by fence, chain, posts, or otherwise marked to definitely indicate the boundary and to admit a definite description with space adequate to permit the display of three or more new, or new and used, or used motor vehicles and sufficient parking for the public; and (iii)  that includes a permanent enclosed building or structure large enough to accommodate the office of the establishment and to provide a safe place to keep the books and other records of the business, at which the principal portion of the business is conducted and the books and records kept and maintained. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Pro se: A Latin term meaning "on one's own behalf"; in courts, it refers to persons who present their own cases without lawyers. Probate: Proving a will Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed. Probation officers: Screen applicants for pretrial release and monitor convicted offenders released under court supervision. Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Project: means an improvement, facility, property, or appurtenance to property that a local entity is permitted under law to own or acquire, whether located inside or outside the local entity's boundary, including: (a)  a public building or other structure of any kind; and (b)  a joint or partial interest in the improvement, facility, property, or appurtenance to property. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Property: includes both real and personal property. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Prospective jury list: means the list of prospective jurors whose names are drawn at random from the master jury list and are determined to be qualified to serve as jurors. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Psychologist: means a person licensed under Title 58, Chapter 61, Psychologist Licensing Act, to engage in the practice of psychology as defined in Section 58-61-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters. Public necessity: means circumstances in which services performed by the prospective juror to members of the public in either a public or a private capacity cannot adequately be performed by others. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Qualified interpreter: means a sign language or oral interpreter as provided in Sections 78B-1-203 and 78B-1-206 of this part. See Utah Code 78B-1-201 Qualified trust: means a trust held for the purpose of compensating claims for damages or injury in a trust company licensed to do business in this state under the provisions of Title 7, Chapter 5, Trust Business. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business. Radioactive material: means : (a)  source material as defined in 42 U. See Utah Code 78B-3-602 real property: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land. Reasonable age verification methods: means verifying that the person seeking to access the material is 18 years old or older by using any of the following methods: (a)  use of a digitized information card as defined in this section; (b)  verification through an independent, third-party age verification service that compares the personal information entered by the individual who is seeking access to the material that is available from a commercially available database, or aggregate of databases, that is regularly used by government agencies and businesses for the purpose of age and identity verification; or (c)  any commercially reasonable method that relies on public or private transactional data to verify the age of the person attempting to access the material. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Registered nurse: means a person licensed to practice professional nursing as provided in Section 58-31b-301. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Registry of Judgments: means the index where a judgment is filed and searchable by the name of the judgment debtor through electronic means or by tangible document. See Utah Code 78B-5-201 v2 Reimbursements: means , with respect to each nonprofit organization: (a)  compensation or honoraria totaling less than $300 per calendar year; and (b)  payment of expenses actually incurred. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings. Remanufacturer: means a person who reconstructs used motor vehicles subject to registration under Chapter 1a, Motor Vehicle Act, to change the body style and appearance of the motor vehicle or who constructs or assembles motor vehicles from used or new and used motor vehicle parts, or who reconstructs, constructs, or assembles three or more motor vehicles in any 12-month period. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals). Representative: means the spouse, parent, guardian, trustee, attorney-in-fact, person designated to make decisions on behalf of a patient under a medical power of attorney, or other legal agent of the patient. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation. Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action. Road: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Salesperson: means an individual who for a salary, commission, or compensation of any kind, is employed either directly, indirectly, regularly, or occasionally by any new motor vehicle dealer or used motor vehicle dealer to sell, purchase, or exchange or to negotiate for the sale, purchase, or exchange of motor vehicles. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Search and rescue dog: means a dog: (a)  with documented training to locate persons who are: (i)  lost, missing, or injured; or (ii)  trapped under debris as the result of a natural or man-made event; and (b)  affiliated with an established search and rescue dog organization. See Utah Code 78B-3-701 Semitrailer: means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-1a-102. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Service animal: means : (a)  a service animal, as defined in Section 26B-6-801; or (b)  a search and rescue dog. See Utah Code 78B-3-701 Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party. Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. Showroom: means a site or location in the state that a direct-sale manufacturer uses for the direct-sale manufacturer's business, including the display and demonstration of new motor vehicles that are exclusively of the same line-make that the direct-sale manufacturer manufactures. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Signature: includes a name, mark, or sign written with the intent to authenticate an instrument or writing. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Ski area: means any area designated by a ski area operator to be used for skiing, nordic, freestyle or other type of ski jumping, or snowboarding. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Ski area operator: includes an agent, an officer, an employee, or a representative of the person that operates a ski area. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Skier: means an individual present in a ski area for the purpose of engaging in the sport of skiing, nordic, freestyle, or other types of ski jumping, or using skis, a sled, a tube, a snowboard, or any other device. See Utah Code 78B-4-402 Small trailer: means a trailer that has an unladen weight of: (a)  more than 750 pounds; and (b)  less than 2,000 pounds. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Social service worker: means a person licensed to practice as a social service worker under Section 58-60-205. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Special district: means the same as that term is defined in Section 17B-1-102. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Special equipment: includes a truck mounted crane, cherry picker, material lift, post hole digger, and a utility or service body. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Special equipment dealer: means a new or new and used motor vehicle dealer engaged in the business of buying new incomplete motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 12,000 or more pounds and installing special equipment on the incomplete motor vehicle. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Special service district: means a limited purpose local government entity, as described in Section 17D-1-103, that: (a)  is created under authority of the Utah Constitution Article XI, Section 7; and (b)  operates under, is subject to, and has the powers set forth in this chapter. See Utah Code 17D-1-102 Special service district: means the same as that term is defined in Section 17D-1-102. See Utah Code 17D-2-102 Speech-language pathologist: means a person licensed to practice speech-language pathology under Title 58, Chapter 41, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Licensing Act. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes a state, district, or territory of the United States. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 State: means the same as that term is defined in Section 63G-7-102. See Utah Code 78B-3-450 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights. Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony. Substantial portion: means more than 33-1/3% of total material on a website, which meets the definition of "material harmful to minors" as defined in this section. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Successor: means a corporation that: (a)  (i)  assumes or incurs or has assumed or incurred successor asbestos-related liability; (ii)  is the successor corporation after a merger or consolidation; and (iii)  became a successor before January 1, 1972; or (b)  is a successor corporation of a corporation described in Subsection (3)(a). See Utah Code 78B-4-602 Successor asbestos-related liability: includes liability that, after the time of the merger or consolidation for which the fair market value of total gross assets is determined under Section 78B-4-605, was or is paid or otherwise discharged, or committed to be paid or otherwise discharged, by or on behalf of the corporation, or by a successor of the corporation, or by or on behalf of a transferor, in connection with a settlement, judgment, or other discharge in this state or another jurisdiction. See Utah Code 78B-4-602 Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system. Supplemental appropriation: Budget authority provided in an appropriations act in addition to regular or continuing appropriations already provided. Supplemental appropriations generally are made to cover emergencies, such as disaster relief, or other needs deemed too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of next year's regular appropriations act. Swear: includes "affirm. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. therapist: means : (1)  a psychiatrist licensed to practice medicine under Section 58-67-301, Utah Medical Practice Act or under Section 58-68-301, Utah Osteopathic Medical Practice Act; (2)  a psychologist licensed to practice psychology under Section 58-61-301; (3)  a marriage and family therapist licensed to practice marriage and family therapy under Section 58-60-304; (4)  a social worker licensed to practice social work under Section 58-60-204; (5)  a psychiatric and mental health nurse specialist licensed to practice advanced psychiatric nursing under Title 58, Chapter 31b, Nurse Practice Act; and (6)  a clinical mental health counselor licensed to practice professional counseling under 4. See Utah Code 78B-3-501 Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident. Town: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Trailer: means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-1a-102. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Transactional data: includes records from mortgage, education, and employment entities. See Utah Code 78B-3-1001 Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition. Transferor: means a corporation from which successor asbestos-related liability is or was assumed or incurred. See Utah Code 78B-4-602 Transporter: means a person engaged in the business of transporting motor vehicles as described in Section 41-3-202. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Travel trailer: means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-1a-102. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Trial jury: means a body of persons selected from the citizens of a particular county before a court or officer of competent jurisdiction and sworn to try and determine by verdict a question of fact. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 Trial jury: A group of citizens who hear the evidence presented by both sides at trial and determine the facts in dispute. Federal criminal juries consist of 12 persons. Federal civil juries consist of six persons. Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust. Unanticipated outcome: means the outcome of a medical treatment or procedure that differs from an expected result. See Utah Code 78B-3-403 Undue hardship: means circumstances in which the prospective juror would: (a)  be required to abandon a person under his or her personal care or incur the cost of substitute care which is unreasonable under the circumstances; (b)  suffer extreme physical hardship due to an illness, injury, or disability; or (c)  incur substantial costs or lost opportunities due to missing an event that was scheduled prior to the initial notice of potential jury service. See Utah Code 78B-1-102 United States: includes each state, district, and territory of the United States of America. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Used motor vehicle: means a vehicle that: (a)  has been titled and registered to a purchaser other than a dealer; or (b)  for a motor vehicle that is not a trailer, travel trailer, or semitrailer, has been driven 7,500 or more miles. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Utah Code: means the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code, as amended, unless the text expressly references a portion of the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code as it existed:Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried. Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge. Vessel: when used with reference to shipping, includes a steamboat, canal boat, and every structure adapted to be navigated from place to place. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Victim advocate: work with prosecutors and assist the victims of a crime. Voir dire: The process by which judges and lawyers select a petit jury from among those eligible to serve, by questioning them to determine knowledge of the facts of the case and a willingness to decide the case only on the evidence presented in court. "Voir dire" is a phrase meaning "to speak the truth." Volunteer: includes a volunteer serving as a director, officer, trustee, or direct service volunteer. See Utah Code 78B-4-101 Whips: Assistants to the floor leaders who are also elected by their party conferences. The Majority and Minority Whips (and their assistants) are responsible for mobilizing votes within their parties on major issues. In the absence of a party floor leader, the whip often serves as acting floor leader. Wholesale motor vehicle auction: means a dealer primarily engaged in the business of auctioning consigned motor vehicles to dealers or dismantlers who are licensed by this or any other jurisdiction. See Utah Code 41-3-102 Writing: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5