Virginia Code > Title 46.2 > Subtitle III

		Sections
Chapter 8	Regulation of Traffic	46.2-800 – 46.2-944.1
Chapter 10	Motor Vehicle and Equipment Safety	46.2-1000 – 46.2-1192
Chapter 12	Abandoned, Immobilized, Unattended and Trespassing Vehicles; Parking	46.2-1200 – 46.2-1239.1
Chapter 12.1	Parking for Persons with Disabilities	46.2-1240 – 46.2-1259
Chapter 13	Powers of Local Governments	46.2-1300 – 46.2-1315
Chapter 14	Ridesharing	46.2-1400 – 46.2-1407
Chapter 14.1	Peer-To-Peer Vehicle Sharing	46.2-1408 – 46.2-1418

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 46.2 > Subtitle III - Operation

Abandoned motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer that:
1. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Abstract of judgment: In a federal criminal proceeding, A certification from a U.S. District Court clerk that a judgment of restitution was entered against the defendant owing to the victim. If the defendant inherits, owns, or sells real property or holdings, these assets can then be attached at the state and local levels as well.
Access contract: means a contract to obtain by electronic means access to, or information from, an information processing system of another person, or the equivalent of such access. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Access material: means any information or material, such as a document, address, or access code, that is necessary to obtain authorized access to information or control or possession of a copy. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Acquittal:
1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
2. A verdict of "not guilty."
Act: means the Communications Act of 1934. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
Affected unit: means a specific plant, department, shift, or other definable unit of an employing unit that has at least two employees to which an approved short-time compensation plan applies. See Virginia Code 60.2-711
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Affiliate: means a legal entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with another legal entity or shares common branding with another legal entity. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Affirmative authorization: means an action that demonstrates an intentional decision by a consumer. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
agency: means any agency, institution, board, bureau, commission, council, public institution of higher education, or instrumentality of state government in the executive department listed in the appropriation act. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Aggrieved party: means a party entitled to a remedy for breach of contract. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Agreement: means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language or inferred from other circumstances and from rules, regulations, and procedures given the effect of agreements under laws otherwise applicable to a particular transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Agreement: means the bargain of the parties in fact as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing, and usage of trade as provided in this chapter. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
All-terrain vehicle: means a motor vehicle having three or more wheels that is powered by a motor and is manufactured for off-highway use. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Allegation: something that someone says happened.
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Amusement device: means (i) a device or structure open to the public by which persons are conveyed or moved in an unusual manner for diversion and (ii) a device suspended in the air by the use of steel cables, chains, belts, or ropes, and usually supported by trestles or towers with one or more spans, also known as a passenger tramway, used to transport passengers uphill. See Virginia Code 59.1-519
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Antique motor vehicle: means every motor vehicle, as defined in this section, which was actually manufactured or designated by the manufacturer as a model manufactured in a calendar year not less than 25 years prior to January 1 of each calendar year and is owned solely as a collector's item. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
Articles of incorporation: means all documents constituting, at any particular time, the charter of a corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
Attribute provider: means an entity, or a supplier, employee, or agent thereof, that acts as the authoritative record of identifying information about an identity credential holder. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Attribution procedure: means a procedure to verify that an electronic authentication, display, message, record, or performance is that of a particular person or to detect changes or errors in information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Authenticate: means (i) to sign or (ii) with the intent to sign a record, to execute or adopt an electronic symbol, sound, message, or process referring to, attached to, included in, or logically associated or linked with, that record. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Authenticate: means verifying through reasonable means that the consumer, entitled to exercise his consumer rights in § 59. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Authorized shares: means the shares of all classes a domestic or foreign corporation is authorized to issue. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Autocycle: means a three-wheeled motor vehicle that has a steering wheel and seating that does not require the operator to straddle or sit astride and is manufactured to comply with federal safety requirements for motorcycles. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Automated transaction: means a transaction conducted or performed, in whole or in part, by electronic means or electronic records, in which the acts or records of one or both parties are not reviewed by an individual in the ordinary course in forming a contract, performing under an existing contract, or fulfilling an obligation required by the transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Automated transaction: means a transaction in which a contract is formed in whole or part by electronic actions of one or both parties that are not previously reviewed by an individual in the ordinary course. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Automatic dialing-announcing device: means a device that (i) selects and dials telephone numbers and (ii) working alone or in conjunction with other equipment, disseminates a prerecorded or synthesized voice message to the telephone number called. See Virginia Code 59.1-518.1
Bail: means the pretrial release of a person from custody upon those terms and conditions specified by order of an appropriate judicial officer. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
Basic service tier: means the service tier that includes (i) the retransmission of local television broadcast channels and (ii) public, educational, and governmental channels required to be carried in the basic tier. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Basin: means the Roanoke River Basin. See Virginia Code 62.1-69.36
Beneficial shareholder: means a person that owns the beneficial interest in shares, which may be a record shareholder or a person on whose behalf shares are registered in the name of an intermediary as nominee. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Beneficial use: means both instream and offstream uses. See Virginia Code 62.1-10
Benefits consortium: means a trust that is a self-funded MEWA, as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 59.1-589
Bicycle: means a device propelled solely by human power, upon which a person may ride either on or astride a regular seat attached thereto, having two or more wheels in tandem, including children's bicycles, except a toy vehicle intended for use by young children. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Biological sample: means any material part of the human, discharge therefrom, or derivative thereof, such as tissue, blood, urine, or saliva, known to contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Biometric data: means data generated by automatic measurements of an individual's biological characteristics, such as a fingerprint, voiceprint, eye retinas, irises, or other unique biological patterns or characteristics that is used to identify a specific individual. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Board: means the State Air Pollution Control Board. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Board: means the Board of Housing and Community Development. See Virginia Code 59.1-539
Board: means the Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Bond: means the posting by a person or his surety of a written promise to pay a specific sum, secured or unsecured, ordered by an appropriate judicial officer as a condition of bail to assure performance of the terms and conditions contained in the recognizance. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
bonds: as used in this chapter means obligations of the Authority for the payment of borrowed money. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
Cable operator: means any person or group of persons that (i) provides cable service over a cable system and directly or through one or more affiliates owns a significant interest in such cable system or (ii) otherwise controls or is responsible for, through any arrangement, the management and operation of a cable system. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Cable service: means the one-way transmission to subscribers of (i) video programming or (ii) other programming service, and subscriber interaction, if any, which is required for the selection or use of such video programming or other programming service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Cable television service: means (i) the one-way transmission to subscribers of video programming or other programming service; and (ii) subscriber interaction, if any, that is required for the selection or use of the video programming or other programming service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Caller: means a person that attempts to contact, or contacts, a subscriber in the Commonwealth by using a telephone or telephone line. See Virginia Code 59.1-518.1
Cancellation: means the ending of a contract by a party because of breach of contract by another party. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Capital costs: means all costs of providing a service that are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
certificate: means a certificate, electronic card, or other medium issued by a merchant that evidences the giving of consideration in exchange for the right to redeem the certificate, electronic card, or other medium for goods, food, services, credit, or money of at least an equal value, including any electronic card issued by a merchant with a banked dollar value where the issuer has received payment for the full banked dollar value for the future purchase, or delivery, of goods or services and any certificate issued by a merchant where the issuer has received payment for the full face value of the certificate for future purchases, or delivery, of goods or services. See Virginia Code 59.1-530
Certificate of emissions inspection: means a document, device, or symbol, prescribed by the Director and issued pursuant to this article, which indicates that (i) a motor vehicle has satisfactorily complied with the emissions standards and passed the emissions inspection provided for in this article; (ii) the requirement of compliance with such emissions standards has been waived; or (iii) the motor vehicle has failed such emissions inspection. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Certificated provider of telecommunications services: means a person holding a certificate issued by the State Corporation Commission to provide local exchange telephone service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Chambers: A judge's office.
Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
Child: means any natural person younger than 13 years of age. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
Codicil: An addition, change, or supplement to a will executed with the same formalities required for the will itself.
Commercial dealing: shall mean any offer, acceptance, agreement, or solicitation to sell or offer to sell or distribute goods, services or construction, to the Commonwealth of Virginia, or any local government within the Commonwealth or any department or agency thereof. See Virginia Code 18.2-498.2
Commercial telephone solicitation: means any unsolicited call to a subscriber when (i) the person initiating the call has not had a prior business or personal relationship with the subscriber and (ii) the purpose of the call is to solicit the purchase or the consideration of the purchase of goods or services by the subscriber. See Virginia Code 59.1-518.1
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Committee membership: Legislators are assigned to specific committees by their party. Seniority, regional balance, and political philosophy are the most prominent factors in the committee assignment process.
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Commonwealth identity management standards: means the minimum specifications and standards that must be included in an identity trust framework so as to define liability pursuant to this chapter that are set forth in guidance documents approved by the Secretary of Administration pursuant to Chapter 4. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Commonwealth information technology project: means any state agency information technology project that is under Commonwealth governance and oversight. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Commonwealth Project Management Standard: means a document developed and adopted by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) pursuant to § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Computer: means an electronic device that accepts information in digital or similar form and manipulates it for a result based on a sequence of instructions. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Computer information: means information in electronic form that is obtained from or through the use of a computer or that is in a form capable of being processed by a computer. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Computer information transaction: means an agreement or the performance of it to create, modify, transfer, or license computer information or informational rights in computer information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Computer program: means a set of statements or instructions to be used directly or indirectly in a computer to bring about a certain result. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Confidential information: means information related to the play of a fantasy contest by fantasy contest players obtained as a result of or by virtue of a person's employment. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Consent: means a clear affirmative act signifying a consumer's freely given, specific, informed, and unambiguous agreement to process personal data relating to the consumer. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Consumer: means a natural person who is a resident of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Consumer: means an individual who is a licensee of information or informational rights that the individual at the time of contracting intended to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Consumer: means a natural person who is a resident of the Commonwealth acting only in an individual or household context. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Consumer contract: means a contract between a merchant licensor and a consumer. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
Contract: means the total legal obligation resulting from the parties' agreement as affected by this chapter and other applicable law. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Contract: means the total legal obligation resulting from the parties' agreement as affected by this chapter and other applicable law. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Contract fee: means the price, fee, rent, or royalty payable in a contract under this chapter or any part of the amount payable. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Contractual use term: means an enforceable term that defines or limits the use, disclosure of, or access to licensed information or informational rights, including a term that defines the scope of a license. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
controlled: means (i) ownership of, or the power to vote, more than 50 percent of the outstanding shares of any class of voting security of a company; (ii) control in any manner over the election of a majority of the directors or of individuals exercising similar functions; or (iii) the power to exercise controlling influence over the management of a company. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Controller: means the natural or legal person that, alone or jointly with others, determines the purpose and means of processing personal data. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Copy: means the medium on which information is fixed on a temporary or permanent basis and from which it can be perceived, reproduced, used, or communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or device. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Corporate action: means any action taken by or on behalf of the corporation, including any action taken by the incorporator, the board of directors, a committee, an officer or agent of the corporation, or the shareholders. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
Cosmetic: means any article intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance, including, without limitation, personal hygiene products such as deodorant, shampoo, or conditioner. See Virginia Code 59.1-571
Cosmetic animal testing: means the internal or external application of a cosmetic, either in its final form or any ingredient thereof, to the skin, eyes, or other body part of a live, nonhuman vertebrate. See Virginia Code 59.1-571
Cosmetics manufacturer: means any person whose name appears on the label of a cosmetic product pursuant to the requirements of 21 C. See Virginia Code 59.1-571
cost: as used in this chapter embraces the cost of construction, the cost of the acquisition of all land, rights-of-way, property, rights, easements and interests acquired by the Authority for such construction, the cost of all machinery and equipment, financing charges, interest prior to and during construction and, if deemed advisable by the Authority, for one year after completion of construction, engineering and legal expenses, cost of plans, specifications, surveys and estimates of cost and of revenues, other expenses necessary or incident to determining the feasibility or practicability of constructing any port facility, administrative expense, the creation of a working capital fund for placing the port facility in operation and such other expense as may be necessary or incident to the construction of such port facility, the financing of such construction and the placing of the same in operation. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
Course of dealing: means a sequence of previous conduct between the parties to a particular transaction which establishes a common basis of understanding for interpreting their expressions and other conduct. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Course of performance: means repeated performances, under a contract that involves repeated occasions for performance, which are accepted or acquiesced in without objection by a party having knowledge of the nature of the performance and an opportunity to object to it. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Court: means any court vested with appropriate jurisdiction under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
Court: includes an arbitration or other dispute-resolution forum if the parties have agreed to use of that forum or its use is required by law. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Court reporter: A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court and produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request.
Courts of record: means the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and the circuit courts. See Virginia Code 1-212
Criminal history: means records and data collected by criminal justice agencies or persons consisting of identifiable descriptions and notations of arrests, detentions, indictments, informations or other formal charges, and any deposition arising therefrom. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
Cross subsidize: means to pay a cost included in the direct costs or indirect costs of providing a service that is not accounted for in the full cost of accounting of providing the service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
dam: as used in this chapter is intended to include the appurtenant pondage area or any part thereof. See Virginia Code 62.1-84
Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
Date of the defective corporate action: means the date, or the approximate date if the exact date is unknown, the defective corporate action was purported to have been taken. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
De-identified data: means data that cannot reasonably be linked to an identified or identifiable natural person, or a device linked to such person. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Defective corporate action: means (i) any corporate action purportedly taken that is, and at the time such corporate action was purportedly taken would have been, within the power of the corporation, but is void or voidable due to a failure of authorization, or (ii) an over-issuance of shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Deidentified data: means data that cannot be used to infer information about, or otherwise be linked to, a particular individual, provided that the direct-to-consumer genetic testing company (i) takes reasonable measures to ensure that such information cannot be associated with a consumer or household; (ii) publicly commits to maintain and use such information only in deidentified form and not to attempt to reidentify the information, except that the direct-to-consumer genetic testing company may attempt to reidentify the information solely for the purpose of determining whether its deidentification processes satisfy the requirements of this clause, provided that the direct-to-consumer genetic testing company does not use or disclose any information reidentified in this process and destroys the reidentified information upon completion of that assessment; and (iii) contractually obligates any recipients of the information to take reasonable measures to ensure that the information cannot be associated with a consumer or household and to commit to maintaining and using the information only in deidentified form and not to reidentify the information. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
delivery: means any method of delivery used in conventional commercial practice, including delivery by hand, mail, commercial delivery, and, if authorized in accordance with § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Department: means the Department of Housing and Community Development. See Virginia Code 59.1-539
Department: means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Department: means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
Devise: To gift property by will.
Direct costs: means those expenses of a municipality that are directly attributable to providing a cable television service and would be eliminated if such service were not provided by the municipality. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Direct damages: means compensation for losses measured by § 59. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Direct-to-consumer genetic testing company: means an entity that (i) offers consumer-initiated genetic testing products or services directly to a consumer or (ii) collects, uses, or analyzes genetic data that is collected or derived from a direct-to-consumer genetic testing product or service and is directly provided by a consumer. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Director: means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Disaster: means any "disaster" "emergency" or "major disaster" as those terms are used and defined in § 44-146. See Virginia Code 59.1-526
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Distribution: means a direct or indirect transfer of cash or other property, except the corporation's own shares, or incurrence of indebtedness by a corporation to or for the benefit of its shareholders in respect of any of its shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Document: means (i) any tangible medium on which information is inscribed, and includes handwritten, typed, printed, or similar instruments and copies of such instruments, or (ii) an electronic record. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
domestic corporation: means a corporation authorized by law to issue shares, irrespective of the nature of the business to be transacted, organized under this chapter or existing pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth on January 1, 1986, or which, by virtue of articles of incorporation, amendment, or merger, has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth, even though also being a corporation organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth, or that has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth pursuant to Article 12. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Electronic agent: means a computer program or an electronic or other automated means used independently to initiate an action or respond to electronic records or performances in whole or in part, without review or action by an individual. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Electronic agent: means a computer program, or electronic or other automated means, used independently to initiate an action, or to respond to electronic messages or performances, on the person's behalf without review or action by an individual at the time of the action or response to the message or performance. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Electronic message: means a record or display that is stored, generated, or transmitted by electronic means for the purpose of communication to another person or electronic agent. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Electronic record: means a record created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Electronic signature: means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with a record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the record. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Eligible entity: means a domestic or foreign unincorporated entity or a domestic or foreign nonstock corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
Emissions inspection station: means any facility or portion of a facility that has obtained an emissions inspection station permit from the Director authorizing the facility to perform emissions inspections in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Employee: includes , unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, an officer but not a director. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Enhanced emissions inspection program: means a motor vehicle emissions inspection system established by regulations of the Board that shall designate, as the only authorized testing equipment for emissions inspection stations, (i) the use of the ASM 50-15 (acceleration simulation mode or method) together with an OBD-II (on-board diagnostic system) with wireless capability, (ii) the use of the ASM 50-15 together with the use of a dynamometer, and (iii) two-speed tailpipe testing equipment. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Enterprise zone: means an area declared by the Governor to be eligible for the benefits of this chapter. See Virginia Code 59.1-539
Entity: includes any domestic or foreign corporation; any domestic or foreign nonstock corporation; any domestic or foreign unincorporated entity; any estate or trust; and any state, the United States and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Entry fee: means cash or cash equivalent that is required to be paid by a fantasy contest participant to a fantasy contest operator in order to participate in a fantasy contest. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
ERISA: means the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, P. See Virginia Code 59.1-589
Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
Established business relationship: means a relationship between the called person and the person on whose behalf the telephone solicitation call is being made or initiated based on (i) the called person's purchase from, or transaction with, the person on whose behalf the telephone solicitation call is being made or initiated within the 18 months immediately preceding the date of the call or (ii) the called person's inquiry or application regarding any property, good, or service offered by the person on whose behalf the telephone solicitation call is being made or initiated within the three months immediately preceding the date of the call. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
Express consent: means a consumer's affirmative authorization to grant permission in response to a clear, meaningful, and prominent notice regarding the collection, use, maintenance, or disclosure of genetic data for a specific purpose. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
Failure of authorization: means the failure to authorize, approve, or otherwise effect a corporate action in compliance with the provisions of this chapter, the articles of incorporation or bylaws, a corporate resolution, or any plan or agreement to which the corporation is a party, if and to the extent such failure would render such corporate action voidable. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
Fantasy contest: includes any online fantasy or simulated game or contest with an entry fee in which (i) the value of all prizes and awards offered to winning participants is established and made known to the participants in advance of the contest; (ii) all winning outcomes reflect the relative knowledge and skill of the participants and shall be determined by accumulated statistical results of the performance of individuals, including athletes in the case of sports events; and (iii) no winning outcome is based on the score, point spread, or any performance of any single actual team or combination of teams or solely on any single performance of an individual athlete or player in any single actual event. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
Feasibility consultant: means an individual or entity with expertise in the processes and economics of providing cable television service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Federated identity management: means a process that allows the conveyance of identity credentials and authentication information across digital identity systems through the use of a common set of policies, practices, and protocols for managing the identity of users and devices across security domains. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
federation: means a digital identity system that (i) utilizes federated identity management to enable the portability of identity information across otherwise autonomous security domains; (ii) is compliant with the Commonwealth's identity management standards and with the provisions of the governing identity trust framework; (iii) has established identity, security, privacy, technology, and enforcement rules and policies adhered to by certified identity providers that are members of the federated digital identity system; (iv) includes as members federation administrators, federation operators, identity trust framework operators, and identity providers; and (v) allows, but does not require, relying parties to be members of the federated digital identity system in order to accept an identity credential issued by a certified identity provider to verify an identity credential holder's identity. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Federation operator: means the entity that (i) defines rule and policies for member parties to a federation; (ii) certifies identity and entitlement attribute providers to be members of and issue identity credentials pursuant to the federation; and (iii) evaluates participation in the federation to ensure compliance by members of the federation with its rules and policies, including the ability to request audits of participants for verification of compliance. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
Financial accommodation contract: means an agreement under which a person extends a financial accommodation to a licensee and which does not create a security interest governed by Title 8. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Financial services transaction: means an agreement that provides for, or a transaction that is, or entails access to, use, transfer, clearance, settlement, or processing of:
(A) a deposit, loan, funds, or monetary value represented in electronic form and stored or capable of storage by electronic means and retrievable and transferable by electronic means, or other right to payment to or from a person;
(B) an instrument or other item;
(C) a payment order, credit card transaction, debit card transaction, funds transfer, automated clearing house transfer, or similar wholesale or retail transfer of funds;
(D) a letter of credit, document of title, financial asset, investment property, or similar asset held in a fiduciary or agency capacity; or
(E) related identifying, verifying, access-enabling, authorizing, or monitoring information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Financier: means a person that provides a financial accommodation to a licensee under a financial accommodation contract and either (i) becomes a licensee for the purpose of transferring or sublicensing the license to the party to which the financial accommodation is provided or (ii) obtains a contractual right under the financial accommodation contract to preclude the licensee's use of the information or informational rights under a license in the event of breach of the financial accommodation contract. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
Fleet emissions inspection station: means any inspection facility operated under a permit issued to a qualified fleet owner or lessee as determined by the Director. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Food delivery platform: means a person that operates a mobile application or other online service to act as an intermediary between consumers and multiple restaurants to submit food orders on behalf of a consumer to a participating restaurant and to arrange for the delivery of the order from the restaurant to the consumer. See Virginia Code 59.1-586
Force majeure: includes , but is not limited to, acts of God, incidences of terrorism, war or riots, labor strikes or civil disturbances, floods, earthquakes, fire, explosions, epidemics, hurricanes, tornadoes, governmental actions and restrictions, work delays caused by waiting for utility providers to service or monitor or provide access to utility poles to which the cable operator's facilities are attached or to be attached or conduits in which the cable operator's facilities are located or to be located, and unavailability of materials or qualified labor to perform the work necessary. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Foreign corporation: means a corporation authorized by law to issue shares, organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
Franchise: means an initial authorization, or renewal thereof, issued by a franchising authority, including a locality or the Commonwealth Transportation Board, whether such authorization is designated as a franchise, permit, license, resolution, contract, certificate, agreement, or otherwise, that authorizes the construction or operation of a cable system, a telecommunications system, or other facility in the public rights-of-way. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
Front side windows: means those windows located adjacent to and forward of the driver's seat. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Full-cost accounting: means the accounting of all costs incurred by a municipality in providing a cable television service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
Genetic data: includes uninterpreted data that results from the analysis of the biological sample and any information extrapolated, derived, or inferred therefrom. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Genetic testing: means any laboratory test of a biological sample from a consumer for the purpose of determining information concerning genetic material contained within the biological sample, or any information extrapolated, derived, or inferred therefrom. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
give notice: means to take such steps as may be reasonably required to inform the other person in the ordinary course, whether or not the other person actually comes to know of it. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Good faith: means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Goods: means all things that are movable at the time relevant to the computer information transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
Gross revenue: means all revenue, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, that is actually received by the cable operator and derived from the operation of the cable system to provide cable services in the franchise area; however, in an ordinance cable franchise "gross revenue" shall not include: (i) refunds or rebates made to subscribers or other third parties; (ii) any revenue which is received from the sale of merchandise over home shopping channels carried on the cable system, but not including revenue received from home shopping channels for the use of the cable service to sell merchandise; (iii) any tax, fee, or charge collected by the cable operator and remitted to a governmental entity or its agent or designee, including without limitation a local public access or education group; (iv) program launch fees; (v) directory or Internet advertising revenue including, but not limited to, yellow page, white page, banner advertisement, and electronic publishing; (vi) a sale of cable service for resale or for use as a component part of or for the integration into cable services to be resold in the ordinary course of business, when the reseller is required to pay or collect franchise fees or similar fees on the resale of the cable service; (vii) revenues received by any affiliate or any other person in exchange for supplying goods or services used by the cable operator to provide cable service; and (viii) revenue derived from services classified as noncable services under federal law, including, without limitation, revenue derived from telecommunications services and information services, and any other revenues attributed by the cable operator to noncable services in accordance with rules, regulations, standards, or orders of the Federal Communications Commission. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
HIPAA: means the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (42 U. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Identified or identifiable natural person: means a person who can be readily identified, directly or indirectly. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Identity attribute: means identifying information associated with an identity credential holder. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Identity credential: means the data, or the physical object upon which the data may reside, that an identity credential holder may present to verify or authenticate his identity in a digital or online transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Identity credential holder: means a person bound to or in possession of an identity credential who has agreed to the terms and conditions of the identity provider. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Identity proofer: means a person or entity authorized to act as a representative of an identity provider in the confirmation of a potential identity credential holder's identification and identity attributes prior to issuing an identity credential to a person. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
identity provider: includes an attribute provider, an identity proofer, and any suppliers, employees, or agents thereof. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Identity trust framework: means a digital identity system with established identity, security, privacy, technology, and enforcement rules and policies adhered to by certified identity providers that are members of the identity trust framework. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Identity trust framework operator: means the entity that (i) defines rules and policies for member parties to an identity trust framework, (ii) certifies identity providers to be members of and issue identity credentials pursuant to the identity trust framework, and (iii) evaluates participation in the identity trust framework to ensure compliance by members of the identity trust framework with its rules and policies, including the ability to request audits of participants for verification of compliance. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Chapter 42. See Virginia Code 1-257
Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
Indirect costs: means any costs identified with two or more services or other functions; and that are not directly identified with a single service or function. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Individual: means a natural person. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Influenza vaccine: means a vaccine, intended to be administered by injection, that contains inactivated influenza viruses, that is prepared for the applicable influenza season. See Virginia Code 59.1-533
Influenza vaccine shortage period: means the period of time during which a proclamation of the Governor provides that an influenza vaccine shortage exists. See Virginia Code 59.1-533
Information: means data, text, images, sounds, codes, computer programs, software, databases, or the like. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Information: means data, text, images, sounds, mask works, or computer programs, including collections and compilations of them. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Information processing system: means an electronic system for creating, generating, sending, receiving, storing, displaying, or processing information. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Information processing system: means an electronic system for creating, generating, sending, receiving, storing, displaying, or processing information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Information technology: means communications, telecommunications, automated data processing, applications, databases, data networks, the Internet, management information systems, and related information, equipment, goods, and services. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Informational content: means information that is intended to be communicated to or perceived by an individual in the ordinary use of the information, or the equivalent of that information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Informational rights: include all rights in information created under laws governing patents, copyrights, mask works, trade secrets, trademarks, publicity rights, or any other law that gives a person, independently of contract, a right to control or preclude another person's use of or access to the information on the basis of the rights holder's interest in the information. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Ingredient: has the meaning ascribed to it in 21 C. See Virginia Code 59.1-571
inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
Institution of higher education: means a public institution and private institution of higher education, as those terms are defined in § 23. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Insurance services transaction: means an agreement between an insurer and an insured that provides for, or a transaction that is or entails access to, use, transfer, clearance, settlement, or processing of:
(A) an insurance policy, contract, or certificate; or
(B) a right to payment under an insurance policy, contract or certificate. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Interactive on-demand services: means a service providing video programming to subscribers over switched networks on an on-demand, point-to-point basis, but does not include services providing video programming prescheduled by the programming provider. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Interest: means either or both of the following rights under the organic law governing an unincorporated entity:
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
Intractable behavior: means behavior that, in the determination of the Department of Corrections, (i) indicates an inmate's unwillingness or inability to conform his behavior to that necessary to his successful completion of the program or (ii) is so disruptive as to threaten the successful completion of the program by other participants. See Virginia Code 19.2-316.4
Judicial officer: means , unless otherwise indicated, any magistrate serving the jurisdiction, any judge of a district court and the clerk or deputy clerk of any district court or circuit court within their respective cities and counties, any judge of a circuit court, any judge of the Court of Appeals and any justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
Juror: A person who is on the jury.
Jury instructions: A judge's directions to the jury before it begins deliberations regarding the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules that it must apply. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
lane: means that portion of a roadway designed or designated to accommodate the forward movement of a single line of vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
License: means a contract that authorizes access to, or use, distribution, performance, modification, or reproduction of, information or informational rights, but expressly limits the access or uses authorized or expressly grants fewer than all rights in the information, whether or not the transferee has title to a licensed copy. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Licensee: means a person entitled by agreement to acquire or exercise rights in, or to have access to or use of, computer information under an agreement to which this chapter applies. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Licensor: means a person obligated by agreement to transfer or create rights in, or to give access to or use of, computer information or informational rights in it under an agreement to which this chapter applies. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Liquefied petroleum gas: means any material that is composed predominately of any of the following hydrocarbons or mixtures of the same: propane, propylene, butanes (normal butane and isobutane) and butylenes. See Virginia Code 18.2-493
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
local government: shall be construed to mean a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Local zone administrator: means the chief executive of the county or city in which the enterprise zone is located, or his designee. See Virginia Code 59.1-539
Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
Major information technology project: means any Commonwealth information technology project that has a total estimated cost of more than $1 million or that has been designated a major information technology project by the CIO pursuant to the Commonwealth Project Management Standard developed under § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Mass-market license: means a standard form used in a mass-market transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Mass-market transaction: means a transaction that is:
(A) a consumer contract; or
(B) any other transaction with an end-user licensee if:
(i) the transaction is for information or informational rights directed to the general public as a whole, including consumers, under substantially the same terms for the same information;
(ii) the licensee acquires the information or informational rights in a retail transaction under terms consistent with an ordinary transaction in a retail market; and
(iii) the transaction is not (a) a contract for redistribution or for public performance or public display of a copyrighted work; (b) a transaction in which the information is customized or otherwise specially prepared by the licensor for the licensee, other than minor customization using a capability of the information intended for that purpose; (c) a site license; or (d) an access contract. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Member: means a person that is part of a sponsoring association, that conducts business operations within the Commonwealth, and that employs individuals who reside in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 59.1-589
Merchant: means a person:
(A) who deals in information or informational rights of the kind involved in the transaction;
(B) who by the person's occupation holds himself out as having knowledge or skill peculiar to the relevant aspect of the business practices or information involved in the transaction; or
(C) to whom the knowledge or skill peculiar to the practices or information involved in the transaction may be attributed by the person's employment of an agent or broker or other intermediary who by his occupation holds himself out as having the knowledge or skill. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Merchant: means an owner or operator of any mercantile establishment or any agent, employee, lessee, consignee, officer, director, franchisee, or independent contractor of such owner or operator. See Virginia Code 59.1-530
Merger: means a transaction pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Mistrial: An invalid trial, caused by fundamental error. When a mistrial is declared, the trial must start again from the selection of the jury.
Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Motor vehicle: means any vehicle that:
1. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Multipurpose passenger vehicle: means any motor vehicle that is (i) designed to carry no more than 10 persons and (ii) constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road use. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
Necessary goods and services: means any necessary good or service for which consumer demand does, or is likely to, increase as a consequence of the disaster, and includes water, ice, consumer food items or supplies, property or services for emergency cleanup, emergency supplies, communication supplies and services, medical supplies and services, home heating fuel, building materials and services, tree removal supplies and services, freight, storage services, housing, lodging, transportation, and motor fuels. See Virginia Code 59.1-526
Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
Nonviolent felony: means any felony except those considered an "act of violence" pursuant to § 19. See Virginia Code 19.2-316.4
Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
Oath: includes affirmation. See Virginia Code 1-228
On-road clean screen program: means a program that allows a motor vehicle owner to voluntarily certify compliance with emissions standards by means of on-road remote sensing. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
On-road emissions inspector: means the entity or entities authorized by the Department of Environmental Quality to perform on-road testing, including on-road testing in accordance with the on-road clean screen program. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
On-road testing: means tests of motor vehicle emissions or emissions control devices by means of roadside pullovers or remote sensing devices. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Operator: means the entity listed as operator on the Certificate of Inspection issued for the amusement device pursuant to § 36-98. See Virginia Code 59.1-519
operator: means a person or entity that offers fantasy contests for a cash prize to members of the public. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Ordinance: includes a resolution. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Owner: means any person who holds a written bill of sale under which title or ownership to a container was transferred to such person, or any manufacturer of a container who has not sold or transferred ownership thereof by written bill of sale. See Virginia Code 18.2-493
Owner: means the entity listed as owner on the Certificate of Inspection issued for the amusement device pursuant to § 36-98. See Virginia Code 59.1-519
Parent or guardian: means any parent, guardian, legal custodian or other person having immediate control or charge of a child. See Virginia Code 59.1-519
Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
Party: means a person that engages in a transaction or makes an agreement under this chapter. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Peer-to-peer vehicle sharing: means the authorized use of a shared vehicle by a shared vehicle driver through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform: means an online-enabled application, website, or system that connects vehicle owners with drivers to enable the sharing of peer-to-peer shared vehicles for financial consideration. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Person: means any accused, or any juvenile taken into custody pursuant to § 16. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public body, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Person: means any person, firm, or corporation. See Virginia Code 18.2-493
Person: includes any natural person, any trust or association of persons, formal or otherwise, or any corporation, partnership, company or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 18.2-498.2
person: is a ny person, firm, corporation, partnership or association. See Virginia Code 18.2-501
person: means any individual, partnership, corporation or association. See Virginia Code 18.2-506
Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, governmental subdivision, instrumentality, or agency, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Person: includes an individual and an entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Personal data: means any information that is linked or reasonably linkable to an identified or identifiable natural person. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
Personal relationship: means the relationship between a telephone solicitor making or initiating a telephone solicitation call and any family member, friend, or acquaintance of that telephone solicitor. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
plan: means a plan submitted by an employer to the Commission for approval to participate in the Program. See Virginia Code 60.2-711
player: means a person who participates in a fantasy contest offered by a fantasy contest operator. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Plea agreement: An arrangement between the prosecutor, the defense attorney, and the defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for special considerations. ^Source:
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Political organization: means a party, committee, association, fund, or other organization, whether or not incorporated, organized and operated primarily for the purpose of influencing or attempting to influence the selection, nomination, election, or appointment of any individual to any federal, state, or local public office or office in a political organization or the election of a presidential/vice-presidential elector, whether or not such individual or elector is selected, nominated, elected, or appointed. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
port facility: means harbors, seaports and all facilities used in connection therewith and shall include all those facilities named in §§ 62. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
Precise geolocation data: means information derived from technology, including but not limited to global positioning system level latitude and longitude coordinates or other mechanisms, that directly identifies the specific location of a natural person with precision and accuracy within a radius of 1,750 feet. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Preliminary hearing: A hearing where the judge decides whether there is enough evidence to make the defendant have a trial.
prepare: means to put into condition for intended use. See Virginia Code 18.2-506
Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
Principal office: means the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, where the principal executive offices of a domestic or foreign corporation are located, or, if there are no such offices, the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, so designated by the board of directors. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Principal stockholder: means any person who individually or in concert with his spouse and immediate family members beneficially owns or controls, directly or indirectly, 15 percent or more of the equity ownership of a fantasy contest operator or who in concert with his spouse and immediate family members has the power to vote or cause the vote of 15 percent or more of the equity ownership of any such operator. See Virginia Code 59.1-556
Prism effect: means a visual, iridescent, or rainbow-like effect that separates light into various colored components that may change depending on viewing angle. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Private provider: means a private entity that provides cable television services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Pro se: A Latin term meaning "on one's own behalf"; in courts, it refers to persons who present their own cases without lawyers.
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
Proceeding: includes civil suit and criminal, administrative, and investigatory action. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
processing: means any operation or set of operations performed, whether by manual or automated means, on personal data or on sets of personal data, such as the collection, use, storage, disclosure, analysis, deletion, or modification of personal data. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Processor: means a natural or legal entity that processes personal data on behalf of a controller. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Profiling: means any form of automated processing performed on personal data to evaluate, analyze, or predict personal aspects related to an identified or identifiable natural person's economic situation, health, personal preferences, interests, reliability, behavior, location, or movements. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Program: means the short-time compensation program established pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 60.2-711
Program coordinator: means any person or corporation that has entered into a contract with the Director to provide services in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
Pseudonymous data: means personal data that cannot be attributed to a specific natural person without the use of additional information, provided that such additional information is kept separately and is subject to appropriate technical and organizational measures to ensure that the personal data is not attributed to an identified or identifiable natural person. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Public corporation: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any political subdivision thereof or any incorporated municipality therein or any public agency of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision thereof or of any municipality therein. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
Public facilities: means (i) airports, landing fields, and air navigation facilities; (ii) educational facilities; (iii) flood control, bank and shore protection, watershed protection, and dams; (iv) hospital facilities; (v) judicial and court facilities; (vi) correctional facilities, including jails and penitentiaries; (vii) library facilities; (viii) military installations; (ix) parks so designated by the Commonwealth or by the locality in its comprehensive plan; (x) properties of historical significance so designated by the Commonwealth; (xi) law enforcement, fire, emergency medical, and rescue facilities; (xii) sanitary sewer, water or stormwater facilities; (xiii) transportation facilities including highways, roads, streets, and bridges, traffic signals, related easements and rights-of-way, mass transit, ports, and any components of federal, state, or local transportation facilities; (xiv) waste management facilities for hazardous, radioactive, or other waste; (xv) office facilities occupied by a public corporation; and (xvi) such other facilities that are necessary to the construction, maintenance, or operation of a public facility as listed in clauses (i) through (xv) and directly related thereto. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
Publicly available information: means information that is lawfully made available through federal, state, or local government records, or information that a business has a reasonable basis to believe is lawfully made available to the general public through widely distributed media, by the consumer, or by a person to whom the consumer has disclosed the information, unless the consumer has restricted the information to a specific audience. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Published informational content: means informational content prepared for or made available to recipients generally, or to a class of recipients, in substantially the same form. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Putative shares: means the shares of any class or series of the corporation, including shares issued upon exercise of rights, options, warrants, or other securities convertible into shares of the corporation, or interests with respect to such shares, that were created or issued as a result of a defective corporate action, that (i) but for any failure of authorization would constitute valid shares or (ii) cannot be determined by the board of directors to be valid shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Qualifying emergency: means (i) a state of emergency as declared by the Governor pursuant to Chapter 3. See Virginia Code 18.2-493
Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
Rappahannock River Basin: means that land area designated as the Rappahannock River Basin by the State Water Control Board pursuant to § 62. See Virginia Code 62.1-69.25
real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
Rear side windows: means those windows located to the rear of the driver's seat. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
rear windows: means those windows that are located to the rear of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle and that are approximately parallel to the windshield. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Receipt: means :
(A) with respect to a copy, taking delivery; or
(B) with respect to a notice:
(i) coming to a person's attention; or
(ii) being delivered to and available at a location or system designated by agreement for that purpose or, in the absence of an agreed location or system: (a) being delivered at the person's residence, or the person's place of business through which the contract was made, or at any other place held out by the person as a place for receipt of communications of the kind; or (b) in the case of an electronic notice, coming into existence in an information processing system or at an address in that system in a form capable of being processed by or perceived from a system of that type by a recipient, if the recipient uses, or otherwise has designated or holds out, that place or system for receipt of notices of the kind to be given and the sender does not know that the notice cannot be accessed from that place. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Receive: means to take receipt. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
Recognizance: means a signed commitment by a person to appear in court as directed and to adhere to any other terms ordered by an appropriate judicial officer as a condition of bail. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Record date: means the date fixed for determining the identity of the corporation's shareholders and their shareholdings for purposes of this chapter. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
Release: means an agreement by a party not to object to, or exercise any rights or pursue any remedies to limit, the use of information or informational rights which agreement does not require an affirmative act by the party to enable or support the other party's use of the information or informational rights. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Remote sensing: means the measurement of motor vehicle emissions through electronic or light-sensing equipment from a remote location such as the roadside. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Responsible person: means either or both of (i) a telephone solicitor or (ii) a seller if the telephone solicitation call offering or advertising the seller's property, goods, or services is presumed to have been made or initiated on behalf of or for the benefit of the seller and the presumption is not rebutted as provided in subsection B of § 59. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
revenue bonds: means bonds for which only the revenues of port facilities are pledged to the payment of the principal of and interest on said bonds. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
revocation: means that the document or privilege revoked is not subject to renewal or restoration except through reapplication after the expiration of the period of revocation. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Rider: means any person who is (i) waiting in the immediate vicinity to get on an amusement device; (ii) getting on an amusement device; (iii) using an amusement device; (iv) getting off an amusement device; or (v) leaving an amusement device and still in its immediate vicinity. See Virginia Code 59.1-519
Rivanna River Basin: means that land area designated as the Rivanna River Basin by the State Water Control Board pursuant to § 62. See Virginia Code 62.1-69.45
Roadway: means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the shoulder. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Roanoke River Basin: means that land area designated as the Roanoke River Basin by the Virginia State Water Control Board, pursuant to § 62. See Virginia Code 62.1-69.36
Safety zone: means the area officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and that is protected or is so marked or indicated by plainly visible signs. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Sale of personal data: means the exchange of personal data for monetary consideration by the controller to a third party. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
School bus: means any motor vehicle, other than a station wagon, automobile, truck, or commercial bus, which is: (i) designed and used primarily for the transportation of pupils to and from public, private or religious schools, or used for the transportation of individuals with mental or physical disabilities to and from a sheltered workshop; (ii) painted yellow and bears the words "School Bus" in black letters of a specified size on front and rear; and (iii) is equipped with warning devices prescribed in § 46. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Scrap metal processor: means any person who is engaged in the business of processing motor vehicles into scrap for remelting purposes who, from a fixed location, utilizes machinery and equipment for processing and manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous metallic scrap into prepared grades, and whose principal product is metallic scrap. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Secretary: means the Secretary of Administration. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Seller: means any person on whose behalf or for whose benefit a telephone solicitation call offering or advertising the person's property, goods, or services is made or initiated. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Semitrailer: means every vehicle of the trailer type so designed and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle that some part of its own weight and that of its own load rests on or is carried by another vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Send: means , with any costs provided for and properly addressed or directed as reasonable under the circumstances or as otherwise agreed, to deposit a record in the mail or with a commercially reasonable carrier, to deliver a record for transmission to or re-creation in another location or information processing system, or to take the steps necessary to initiate transmission to or re-creation of a record in another location or information processing system. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Sensitive data: means a category of personal data that includes:
1. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
Service provider: means a sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, association, or other legal entity that is organized or operated for the profit or financial benefit of its shareholders or other owners that is involved in (i) the collection, transportation, and analysis of the consumer's biological sample or extracted genetic material (a) on behalf of the direct-to-consumer genetic testing company or (b) on behalf of any other company that collects, uses, maintains, or discloses genetic data collected or derived from a direct-to-consumer genetic testing product or service or directly provided by a consumer or (ii) the delivery of the results of the analysis of the biological sample or genetic material. See Virginia Code 59.1-593
Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
Share exchange: means a transaction pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Shared vehicle: means a motor vehicle that has been made available for sharing through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Shared vehicle driver: means an individual who has been authorized to operate a shared vehicle by the shared vehicle owner under a vehicle sharing platform agreement. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Shared vehicle owner: means the registered owner, or a person or entity designated by the registered owner, of a vehicle made available for sharing to shared vehicle drivers through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Shared-use path: means a bikeway that is physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and is located either within the highway right-of-way or within a separate right-of-way. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Shareholder: means a record shareholder. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Shares: means the units into which the proprietary interests in a corporation are divided. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Short-time compensation: means the unemployment benefits payable to employees in an affected unit under an approved short-time compensation plan, as distinguished from the unemployment benefits otherwise payable under the unemployment compensation provisions of this title. See Virginia Code 60.2-711
Shoulder: means that part of a highway between the portion regularly traveled by vehicular traffic and the lateral curbline or ditch. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Sidewalk: means the portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by pedestrians. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Standard form: means a record or a group of related records containing terms prepared for repeated use in transactions and so used in a transaction in which there was no negotiated change of terms by individuals except to set the price, quantity, method of payment, selection among standard options, or time or method of delivery. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes any of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-245
state: shall include any territory of the United States and the District of Columbia. See Virginia Code 19.2-272
State: means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 1-206
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
Subscriber: means (i) a person who has subscribed to telephone service from a telephone company or (ii) other persons living or residing with the person. See Virginia Code 59.1-518.1
Subscriber: means a person who lawfully receives cable television services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
summons: shall include a subpoena (both subpoena ad testificandum and subpoena duces tecum), order or other notice requiring the appearance of a witness or production of documents. See Virginia Code 19.2-272
Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
Superintendent: means the Superintendent of the Department of State Police of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Supplier: means a seller, lessor, licensor, or professional who advertises, solicits, or engages in consumer transactions, or a manufacturer, distributor, or licensor who sells, leases, or licenses goods or services to be resold, leased, or sublicensed by other persons in consumer transactions. See Virginia Code 59.1-526
Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
suspension: means that the document or privilege suspended has been temporarily withdrawn, but may be reinstated following the period of suspension unless it has expired prior to the end of the period of suspension. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
Targeted advertising: means displaying advertisements to a consumer where the advertisement is selected based on personal data obtained from that consumer's activities over time and across nonaffiliated websites or online applications to predict such consumer's preferences or interests. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Telephone solicitation call: means (i) any telephone call made or initiated to any natural person's residence in the Commonwealth, to any landline or wireless telephone with a Virginia area code, or to a landline or wireless telephone registered to any natural person who is a resident of the Commonwealth or (ii) any text message sent to any wireless telephone with a Virginia area code or to a wireless telephone registered to any natural person who is a resident of the Commonwealth, for the purpose of offering or advertising any property, goods, or services for sale, lease, license, or investment, including offering or advertising an extension of credit or for the purpose of fraudulent activity, including engaging in any conduct that results in the display of false or misleading caller identification information on the called person's telephone. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Telephone solicitor: means any person who makes or initiates, or causes another person to make or initiate, a telephone solicitation call on its own behalf or for its own benefit or on behalf of or for the benefit of a seller. See Virginia Code 59.1-510
Termination: means the ending of a contract by a party pursuant to a power created by agreement or law otherwise than because of breach of contract. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
Test and repair: means motor vehicle emissions inspection facilities that perform official motor vehicle emissions inspections and may also perform vehicle repairs. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Third party: means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency, or body other than the consumer, controller, processor, or an affiliate of the processor or the controller. See Virginia Code 59.1-575
Time of disaster: means the shorter of (i) the period of time when a state of emergency declared by the Governor or the President of the United States as the result of a disaster, emergency, or major disaster, as those terms are used and defined in § 44-146. See Virginia Code 59.1-526
Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
Tow truck: means a motor vehicle for hire (i) designed to lift, pull, or carry another vehicle by means of a hoist or other mechanical apparatus and (ii) having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of at least 10,000 pounds. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Towing and recovery operator: means a person engaged in the business of (i) removing disabled vehicles, parts of vehicles, their cargoes, and other objects to facilities for repair or safekeeping and (ii) restoring to the highway or other location where they either can be operated or removed to other locations for repair or safekeeping vehicles that have come to rest in places where they cannot be operated. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
Toy vehicle: means any motorized or propellant-driven device that has no manufacturer-issued vehicle identification number that is designed or used to carry any person or persons, on any number of wheels, bearings, glides, blades, runners, or a cushion of air. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Tractor truck: means every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of the load and weight of the vehicle attached thereto. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Traffic control device: means a sign, signal, marking, or other device used to regulate, warn, or guide traffic placed on, over, or adjacent to a street, highway, private road open to public travel, pedestrian facility, or shared-use path by authority of a public agency or official having jurisdiction, or in the case of a private road open to public travel, by authority of the private owner or private official having jurisdiction. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Traffic infraction: means a violation of law punishable as provided in § 46. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Trailer: means every vehicle without motive power designed for carrying property or passengers wholly on its own structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, including manufactured homes. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Transaction: means an action or set of actions occurring between two or more persons relating to the conduct of business, commercial, or governmental affairs. See Virginia Code 59.1-480
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
Transfer: means any transaction in which (i) an ownership or other interest in the cable operator is transferred, directly or indirectly, from one person or group of persons to another person or group of persons, so that majority control of the cable operator is transferred; or (ii) the rights and obligations held by the cable operator under the cable franchise granted under this article are transferred or assigned to another person or group of persons. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
Truck: means every motor vehicle designed to transport property on its own structure independent of any other vehicle and having a registered gross weight in excess of 7,500 pounds. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
True bill: Another word for indictment.
Trust: means a trust that (i) is established to accept and hold assets of a health benefit plan in trust in accordance with the terms of the written trust document for the sole purposes of providing medical, prescription drug, dental, and vision benefits and defraying reasonable administrative costs of providing health benefits under a health benefit plan and (ii) complies with the conditions set forth in § 59. See Virginia Code 59.1-589
Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
Trustmark: means a machine-readable official seal, authentication feature, certification, license, or logo that may be provided by an identity trust framework operator to certified identity providers within its identity trust framework or federation to signify that the identity provider complies with the written rules and policies of the identity trust framework or federation. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
United States: includes district, authority, bureau, commission, department, and any other agency of the United States. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Unrestricted voting trust beneficial owner: means , with respect to any shareholder rights, a voting trust beneficial owner whose entitlement to exercise the shareholder right in question is not inconsistent with the voting trust agreement. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Usage of trade: means any practice or method of dealing that has such regularity of observance in a place, vocation, or trade as to justify an expectation that it will be observed with respect to the transaction in question. See Virginia Code 59.1-501.2
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Utility vehicle: means a motor vehicle that is (i) designed for off-road use, (ii) powered by a motor, and (iii) used for general maintenance, security, agricultural, or horticultural purposes. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Vehicle: means every device in, on or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn on a highway, except personal delivery devices and devices moved by human power or used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Vehicle removal certificate: means a transferable document issued by the Department for any abandoned motor vehicle that authorizes the removal and destruction of the vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Vehicle sharing delivery period: means the period of time beginning when the agent of a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform takes custody of the shared vehicle and ending when the shared vehicle arrives at the location agreed upon in the governing vehicle sharing platform agreement. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Vehicle sharing period: means the period of time that commences with the vehicle sharing delivery period or, if there is no vehicle sharing delivery period, that commences when the vehicle sharing start time occurs and ends at the vehicle sharing termination time. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Vehicle sharing platform agreement: means the terms and conditions applicable to a shared vehicle owner and a shared vehicle driver that govern the use of a shared vehicle through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Vehicle sharing start time: means the time when the shared vehicle becomes subject to the control of the shared vehicle driver at or after the sharing of a shared vehicle is scheduled to begin as documented in the records of a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Vehicle sharing termination time: means the earliest of the following events:
1. See Virginia Code 46.2-1408
Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Victim Impact Statement: A written or spoken statement by the victim or his or her representative about the physical, emotional, and financial impact of a crime on the victim. The statement is given to the court before sentencing.
Video programming: means programming provided by, or generally considered comparable to, programming provided by a television broadcast station. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Voting trust beneficial owner: means an owner of a beneficial interest in shares of the corporation held in a voting trust established pursuant to subsection A of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
warehouseman: as used in this chapter means any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of selling leaf tobacco at auction, for a commission or for any other consideration. See Virginia Code 61.1-53
Water: includes all waters, on the surface and under the ground, wholly or partially within or bordering the Commonwealth or within its jurisdiction and which affect the public welfare. See Virginia Code 62.1-10
waters of the Commonwealth: as used in this chapter shall mean: (a) Any stream or that portion of any stream in this Commonwealth which prior to June 21, 1932, has been declared navigable by any unrepealed statute of this Commonwealth, or (b) any stream or that portion of any stream in this Commonwealth, the bed of which is owned by the Commonwealth, or (c) those parts of streams or other bodies of water in this Commonwealth which either in their natural or improved condition, notwithstanding interruptions between the navigable parts of such streams or waters by falls, shallows, or rapids, compelling land carriage, are used or suitable for use for the transportation of persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce, including therein all such interrupting falls, shallows or rapids, and also any stream or part thereof in this Commonwealth other than those above mentioned in this subdivision in which the construction of any dam or works as authorized by this chapter would affect the interests of interstate or foreign commerce, or (d) that portion of any river or stream flowing between the high-water mark on the Virginia shore and the low-water mark when such low-water mark constitutes the boundary line between Virginia and another state. See Virginia Code 62.1-81
Witness: as used in this article shall include a person whose testimony is desired in any proceeding or investigation by a grand jury or in a criminal action, prosecution or proceeding. See Virginia Code 19.2-272
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
written: means any information in the form of a document. See Virginia Code 13.1-603

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