A person may not—

(1) provide, attempt to provide, or offer to provide a kickback;

(2) solicit, accept, or attempt to accept a kickback; or

(3) include the amount of a kickback prohibited by paragraph (1) or (2) in the contract price—

(A) a subcontractor charges a prime contractor or a higher tier subcontractor; or

(B) a prime contractor charges the Federal Government.