Virginia Code > Title 45.2 > Subtitle III – Mineral Mines

		Sections
Part A	Mineral Mines Generally	45.2-1100 – 45.2-1304
Part B	Underground Mineral Mines	45.2-1400 – 45.2-1405
Part C	Surface Mineral Mines	45.2-1500 – 45.2-1505

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 45.2 > Subtitle III - Mineral Mines

Abducted child: means a child (i) whose whereabouts are unknown, (ii) who is believed to have been abducted, (iii) who is 17 years of age or younger or is currently enrolled in a secondary school in the Commonwealth, regardless of age, and (iv) whose disappearance poses a credible threat as determined by law enforcement to the safety and health of the child and under such other circumstances as deemed appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
agency: means any agency, institution, board, bureau, commission, council, public institution of higher education, or instrumentality of state government in the executive department listed in the appropriation act. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Alcohol: means the product known as ethyl or grain alcohol obtained by distillation of any fermented liquor, rectified either once or more often, whatever the origin, and shall include synthetic ethyl alcohol, but shall not include methyl alcohol and alcohol completely denatured in accordance with formulas approved by the government of the United States. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Alcohol vaporizing device: means any device, machine, or process that mixes any alcoholic beverages with pure oxygen or other gas to produce a vaporized product for the purpose of consumption by inhalation. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Alcoholic beverages: includes alcohol, spirits, wine, and beer, and any one or more of such varieties containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume, including mixed alcoholic beverages, and every liquid or solid, powder or crystal, patented or not, containing alcohol, spirits, wine, or beer and capable of being consumed by a human being. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Amber Agreement: means the voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a child will be declared abducted, and the public will be notified, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
Amber Alert: means the notice of child abduction provided to the public by the media or other methods under an Amber Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Applicant: means any and all persons seeking or holding a permit required under this chapter. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Applicant: means the person applying for a certification of site suitability or submitting a notice of intent to apply therefor. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Application: means an application to the Board for a certification of site suitability. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
Arts venue: means a commercial or nonprofit establishment that is open to the public and in which works of art are sold or displayed. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
Authority: means the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority created pursuant to this subtitle. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Authority: means the Virginia Public School Authority. See Virginia Code 22.1-162
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Barrel: means any container or vessel having a capacity of more than 43 ounces. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Beer: means any alcoholic beverage obtained by the fermentation of an infusion or decoction of barley, malt, and hops or of any similar products in drinkable water and containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
bill in equity: shall mean a complaint in a civil action, as provided in the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia;
11. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Board: means the Virginia Waste Management Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Board: means the Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Board: means the Cattle Industry Board. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
Board of Commissioners: means the Board of Commissioners of the Authority. See Virginia Code 22.1-162
Board of supervisors: means the governing body of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Bonds of the Authority: includes notes and other obligations issued by the Authority for any of its purposes. See Virginia Code 22.1-162
Bottle: means any vessel intended to contain liquids and having a capacity of not more than 43 ounces. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Brand: means the name, symbol, logo, trademark, or other information that identifies a product rather than the components of the product. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.27
Bus: means a motor vehicle that (i) is operated by a common carrier licensed under Chapter 20 of Title 46. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Cattle: means beef-type and dairy-type cattle sold for a consideration in excess of $100 per head in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
certification: means the certification issued by the Board pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Chambers: A judge's office.
Chief: means the Chief of the Division of Mines of the Department of Energy. See Virginia Code 45.2-100
City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
Club: means any private nonprofit corporation or association which is the owner, lessee, or occupant of an establishment operated solely for a national, social, patriotic, political, athletic, or other like purpose, but not for pecuniary gain, the advantages of which belong to all of the members. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Commercial lifestyle center: means a mixed-use commercial development covering a minimum of 10 acres of land and having at least 100,000 square feet of retail space featuring national specialty chain stores and a combination of dining, entertainment, office, residential, or hotel establishments located in a physically integrated outdoor setting that is pedestrian friendly and that is governed by a commercial owners' association that is responsible for the management, maintenance, and operation of the common areas thereof. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Commercial unit: means such a unit of goods as by commercial usage is a single whole for purposes of lease and division of which materially impairs its character or value on the market or in use. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Commission: means the Milk Commission. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Financial Institutions. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Commonwealth information technology project: means any state agency information technology project that is under Commonwealth governance and oversight. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Commonwealth Project Management Standard: means a document developed and adopted by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) pursuant to § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Computer equipment: means a desktop or notebook computer and may include a computer monitor or other display device. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.27
Consumer: means an individual who uses computer equipment that is purchased primarily for personal or home business use. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.27
Consumer lease: means a lease that a lessor regularly engaged in the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and who takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family, or household purpose. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Container: means any barrel, bottle, carton, keg, vessel, or other receptacle used for holding alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
cooperative: means a cooperative formed by an association of individuals for the purpose of manufacturing wine. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Coordinator: means the position of the Gaming Enforcement Coordinator established pursuant to § 52-54. See Virginia Code 52-53
Corn: means all corn sold except sugar corn, popcorn, and ornamental corn. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
Council: means the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
Country buyer: means any person who buys corn from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
County: means any existing county or such unit hereafter created. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Court: means any court vested with appropriate jurisdiction under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
Courts of record: means the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and the circuit courts. See Virginia Code 1-212
Credit union: means a cooperative, nonprofit corporation organized under the laws of the Commonwealth and authorized to do business under this chapter for the purposes of encouraging thrift among its members, creating a source of credit at fair and reasonable rates of interest, providing an opportunity for its members to use and control their own money on a democratic basis in order to improve their economic and social condition, and conducting any other business, engaging in any other activity, and providing any other service that may be of benefit to its members, consistent with the provisions of this chapter and any regulations adopted by the Commission under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Criteria: means the criteria adopted by the Board, pursuant to § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Critically missing adult: means an adult, including an adult who has a developmental disability, intellectual disability, or mental illness as those terms are defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
Critically missing adult alert: means the notice of a critically missing adult provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby an adult will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
Critically Missing Adult Alert Program: means the procedures and Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a critically missing adult. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
Decedent: A deceased person.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Department: means the Department of State Police. See Virginia Code 52-53
Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Department: means the Department of Education. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Department: means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
Devise: To gift property by will.
Director: means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Director: means the Director of the Department of Corrections. See Virginia Code 53.1-1
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Disposal: means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid waste into or on any land or water so that such solid waste or any constituent thereof may enter the environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters, including ground waters. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Distributor: means any person who takes title to products or packaging purchased for resale. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.21
Distributor: means any of the following persons engaged in the business of distributing, marketing, or in any manner handling fluid milk, in whole or in part, in fluid form for consumption in the Commonwealth:
1. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
Disturbed land: means the area from which overburden has been removed in any mining operation, plus the area covered by the spoil and refuse, plus any area used in such mining operation, including land used for processing, stockpiling, or settling ponds. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Division: means the Division of Mineral Mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Division superintendent: means the division superintendent of schools of a school division. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
Elementary: includes kindergarten. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Employee: means any person who is regularly employed full time on either a salaried or wage basis, whose tenure is not restricted as to temporary or provisional appointment, in the service of, and whose compensation is payable by, no more often than biweekly, in whole or in part, a state agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
Enterprise: means an organization with common or unifying business interests. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
Establishment: means any place where alcoholic beverages of one or more varieties are lawfully manufactured, sold, or used. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
Evidence-based literacy instruction: means structured instructional practices, including sequential, systematic, explicit, and cumulative teaching, that (i) are based on reliable, trustworthy, and valid evidence consistent with science-based reading research; (ii) are used in core or general instruction, supplemental instruction, intervention services, and intensive intervention services; (iii) have a demonstrated record of success in adequately increasing students' reading competency, vocabulary, oral language, and comprehension and in building mastery of the foundational reading skills of phonological and phonemic awareness, alphabetic principle, phonics, spelling, and text reading fluency; and (iv) are able to be differentiated in order to meet the individual needs of students. See Virginia Code 22.1-1 v2
Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
Exporter: means any person offering corn for export sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
facility: means any facility, including land and structures, appurtenances, improvements and equipment for the treatment, storage or disposal of hazardous wastes, which accepts hazardous waste for storage, treatment or disposal. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
Farm winery: means (i) an establishment or cooperative located in the Commonwealth on land zoned agricultural that has (a) a vineyard, orchard, or similar growing area that produces fruits or other agricultural products used to manufacture the wine of such farm winery, subject to the requirements set forth in § 4. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Fault: means wrongful act, omission, breach, or default. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Federal acts: means any act of Congress providing for waste management and regulations promulgated thereunder. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
Fiduciary: shall include any one or more of the following:
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Finance lease: means a lease with respect to which:
(i) The lessor does not select, manufacture, or supply the goods;
(ii) The lessor acquires the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods in connection with the lease; and
(iii) One of the following occurs:
(A) The lessee receives a copy of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods before signing the lease contract;
(B) The lessee's approval of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods is a condition to effectiveness of the lease contract;
(C) The lessee, before signing the lease contract, receives an accurate and complete statement designating the promises and warranties, and any disclaimers of warranties, limitations or modifications of remedies, or liquidated damages, including those of a third party, such as the manufacturer of the goods, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods; or
(D) If the lease is not a consumer lease, the lessor, before the lessee signs the lease contract, informs the lessee in writing (a) of the identity of the person supplying the goods to the lessor, unless the lessee has selected that person and directed the lessor to acquire the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods from that person, (b) that the lessee is entitled under this title to the promises and warranties, including those of any third party, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods, and (c) that the lessee may communicate with the person supplying the goods to the lessor and receive an accurate and complete statement of those promises and warranties, including any disclaimers and limitations of them or of remedies. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, or credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
Fund: means the Technical Assistance Fund created pursuant to § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Gaming laws: means the laws regulating gambling under Article 1 (§ 18. See Virginia Code 52-53
Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
Goods: means all things that are movable at the time of identification to the lease contract, or are fixtures (§ 8. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Gourmet brewing shop: means an establishment which sells to persons to whom wine or beer may lawfully be sold, ingredients for making wine or brewing beer, including packaging, and rents to such persons facilities for manufacturing, fermenting and bottling such wine or beer. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Government store: means a store established by the Authority for the sale of alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
Handler: means , at the point where the cattle are weighed or traded and the value determined, an operator of any stockyard, livestock dealership, slaughterhouse, packing plant, or livestock auction market, or any other person who purchases from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
Handler: means any processor, dealer, shipper, country buyer, exporter, or any other business entity that purchases corn from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
Hazardous substance: means a substance listed under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, P. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Hazardous waste: means a solid waste or combination of solid waste that because of its quantity, concentration or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics may:
1. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Host community: means any county, city or town within whose jurisdictional boundaries construction of a hazardous waste facility is proposed. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Household hazardous waste: means any waste material derived from households (including single and multiple residences, hotels, motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds, and day-use recreation areas) which, except for the fact that it is derived from a household, would be classified as a hazardous waste, including nickel, cadmium, mercuric oxide, manganese, zinc-carbon or lead batteries; solvent-based paint, paint thinner, paint strippers, or other paint solvents; any product containing trichloroethylene, toxic art supplies, used motor oil and unusable gasoline or kerosene, fluorescent or high intensity light bulbs, ammunition, fireworks, banned pesticides, or restricted-use pesticides as defined in § 3. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Impound water: means to impound water for use in carrying out any part of the process necessary in the production or preparation of minerals. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Chapter 42. See Virginia Code 1-257
Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
Information technology: means communications, telecommunications, automated data processing, applications, databases, data networks, the Internet, management information systems, and related information, equipment, goods, and services. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
Interdicted person: means a person to whom the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited by order pursuant to this subtitle. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
Internet wine and beer retailer: means a person who owns or operates an establishment with adequate inventory, shelving, and storage facilities, where, in consideration of payment, Internet or telephone orders are taken and shipped directly to consumers and which establishment is not a retail store open to the public. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Intoxicated: means a condition in which a person has drunk enough alcoholic beverages to observably affect his manner, disposition, speech, muscular movement, general appearance, or behavior. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
issuer: means the person or persons performing the acts and assuming the duties of manager;
2. See Virginia Code 13.1-501
Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
Law-enforcement agency: means a law-enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the search for a suspect in a case involving the death or serious injury of a law-enforcement officer or an agency employing a law-enforcement officer who is missing in the line of duty. See Virginia Code 52-34.7
Law-enforcement officer: means any full-time or part-time employee of the Department of State Police or a police department or sheriff's office that is a part of or administered by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, and any campus police officer appointed under Article 3 (§ 23. See Virginia Code 52-34.7
Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
Lease: means a transfer of the right to possession and use of goods for a term in return for consideration, but a sale, including a sale on approval or a sale or return, or retention or creation of a security interest is not a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
Lease agreement: means the bargain, with respect to the lease, of the lessor and the lessee in fact as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances including course of dealing or usage of trade or course of performance as provided in this title. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease contract: means the total legal obligation that results from the lease agreement as affected by this title and any other applicable rules of law. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Leasehold interest: means the interest of the lessor or the lessee under a lease contract. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
Lessee: means a person who acquires the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lessor: means a person who transfers the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
Licensed: means the holding of a valid license granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Licensee: means any person to whom a license has been granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Lien: means a charge against or interest in goods to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation, but the term does not include a security interest. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
Local correctional facility: means any jail, jail farm or other place used for the detention or incarceration of adult offenders, excluding a lock-up, which is owned, maintained, or operated by any political subdivision or combination of political subdivisions of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 53.1-1
local governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, responsible for appropriating funds for such locality, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
local government: shall be construed to mean a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Local school bonds: means bonds or other obligations issued by counties, cities and towns under the provisions of Chapter 26 of Title 15. See Virginia Code 22.1-162
Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
Major information technology project: means any Commonwealth information technology project that has a total estimated cost of more than $1 million or that has been designated a major information technology project by the CIO pursuant to the Commonwealth Project Management Standard developed under § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Majority leader: see Floor Leaders
Manufacturer: means any person that produces products, packages, packaging, or components of products or packaging. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.21
Manufacturer: means a person who in any calendar year:
1. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.27
Market: means any locality, or two or more localities, and surrounding territory designated by the Commission as a marketing area. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
Markup: The process by which congressional committees and subcommittees debate, amend, and rewrite proposed legislation.
Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
Middle school: means separate schools for early adolescents and the middle school grades that might be housed at elementary or high schools. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Mineral: means ore, rock, and any other solid homogeneous crystalline chemical element or compound that results from the inorganic processes of nature other than coal. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Mining: means the breaking or disturbing of the surface soil or rock in order to facilitate or accomplish the extraction or removal of minerals or any activity constituting all or part of a process for the extraction or removal of minerals so as to make them suitable for commercial, industrial, or construction use. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Mining operation: means any area included in an approved plan of operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
Missing person with autism: means any person (i) whose whereabouts are unknown; (ii) who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
Missing Person with Autism Alert: means the notice of a missing person with autism provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a person with autism will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
Missing senior adult: means an adult whose whereabouts are unknown and who is over 60 years of age and suffers a cognitive impairment to the extent that he is unable to provide care to himself without assistance from a caregiver, including a diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease or dementia, and whose disappearance poses a credible threat as determined by a law-enforcement agency to the health and safety of the adult and under such other circumstances as deemed appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
Mixer: means any prepackaged ingredients containing beverages or flavoring or coloring materials, and which may also contain water, fruit juices, fruit adjuncts, sugar, carbon dioxide, or preservatives which are not commonly consumed unless combined with alcoholic beverages, whether or not such ingredients contain alcohol. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
Nonstate agency: means any public or private foundation, authority, institute, museum, corporation, or similar organization that is (i) not a unit of state government or a political subdivision of the Commonwealth as established by general law or special act and (ii) wholly or principally supported by state funds. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
Office: means the Office of the State Inspector General. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
Officer: means any person who is elected or appointed to a public office in a state agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
On-site: means facilities that are located on the same or geographically contiguous property which may be divided by public or private right-of-way, and the entrance and exit between the contiguous properties is at a cross-roads intersection so that the access is by crossing, as opposed to going along, the right-of-way. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Operational expenses: means expenses of the clerk of court used to maintain the clerk's office and includes, but is not limited to, (i) computer support, maintenance, enhancements, upgrades, and replacements and office automation and information technology equipment, including software and conversion services; (ii) preserving, maintaining, and enhancing court records, including, but not limited to, the costs of repairs, maintenance, consulting services, service contracts, redaction of social security numbers from certain records, and system replacements or upgrades; and (iii) improving public access to records maintained by the clerk, including locating technology in an offsite facility for such purposes or for implementation of a disaster recovery plan. See Virginia Code 17.1-295
Operator: means any individual, corporation or corporation officer, firm, joint venture, partnership, business trust, association, or any other group or combination acting as a unit, or any legal entity that is engaged in mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Operator: means a person who is responsible for the overall operation of a facility. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Orphaned lands: means lands disturbed by surface mining of minerals, other than coal operations, that were not required by law to be reclaimed or that have not been reclaimed. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Overburden: means all of the earth and other materials that lie above a natural deposit of minerals, ores, rock, or other solid matter and also other materials after removal from their natural deposit in the process of mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Owner: means a person who owns a facility or a part of a facility. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Package: means any container which provides a means of marketing, protecting, or handling a product, including a unit package, intermediate package, or a shipping container, as defined in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification D996. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.21
Packaging component: means any individual assembled part of a package, including, but not limited to, interior and exterior blocking, bracing, cushioning, weatherproofing, exterior strapping, coatings, closures, inks, and labels. See Virginia Code 10.1-1425.21
parents: means any parent, guardian, legal custodian, or other person having control or charge of a child. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Person: includes an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental body, municipal corporation, or any other legal entity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Person: shall include individuals, a trust, an estate, a partnership, an association, an order, a corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity;
6. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
person under a disability: as used in this article shall have the meanings ascribed to them in § 8. See Virginia Code 8.01-67
Person under a disability: shall include :
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Person under disability: includes a person less than 18 years of age. See Virginia Code 1-232
Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
Principal stockholder: means any person who individually or in concert with his spouse and immediate family members beneficially owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent or more of the equity ownership of any person that is a licensee of the Authority, or who in concert with his spouse and immediate family members has the power to vote or cause the vote of five percent or more of any such equity ownership. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
Processor: means any person who changes the physical form or characteristic of corn for the purpose of preparing it for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
Producer: means any person, regardless of whether they are also a distributor, who produces milk for sale as fluid milk in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
Producer: means any person engaged in the business of raising cattle. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
Producer: means any person who grew corn in the Commonwealth and sold corn during the preceding three years. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
Program: means the procedures and Amber Agreements to aid in the identification and location of abducted children. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
Program: means the procedures and Senior Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a missing senior adult. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
Program: means the procedures and Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a missing person with autism. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
Public access: means that the clerk of the circuit court has made available to subscribers that are other than governmental agencies, secure remote access to records maintained by the clerk in accordance with § 17. See Virginia Code 17.1-295
Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
Public place: means any place, building, or conveyance to which the public has, or is permitted to have, access, including restaurants, soda fountains, hotel dining areas, lobbies and corridors of hotels, and any park, place of public resort or amusement, highway, street, lane, or sidewalk adjoining any highway, street, or lane. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
public right-of-way: as used in this chapter means any area over which the public has a general privilege to travel. See Virginia Code 15.2-2000
Purchase: includes taking by sale, lease, mortgage, security interest, pledge, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in goods. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
Reclamation: means the restoration or conversion of disturbed land to a stable condition that minimizes or prevents adverse disruption and the injurious effects of such disruption and presents an opportunity for further productive use if such use is reasonable. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Redlining: The alleged practice of certain lending institutions of not making mortgage, home improvement, and small business loans in certain neighborhoods-usually areas that are deteriorating or considered by the lender to be poor investments. ^{Source: OCC}
Refuse: means all waste soil, rock, mineral tailings, slimes, and other material directly connected with the mine or with the cleaning and preparation of substances mined, including all waste material deposited in the permit area from other sources. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
Refuse: means waste material resulting from a mineral mining operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Residence: means any building or part of a building or structure where a person resides, but does not include any part of a building that is not actually and exclusively used as a private residence, nor any part of a hotel or club other than a private guest room thereof. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Restaurant: means , for a wine and beer license or a limited mixed beverage restaurant license, any establishment provided with special space and accommodation, where, in consideration of payment, meals or other foods prepared on the premises are regularly sold. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
Sangria: means a drink consisting of red or white wine mixed with some combination of sweeteners, fruit, fruit juice, soda, or soda water that may also be mixed with brandy, triple sec, or other similar spirits. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
School board: means the school board that governs a school division. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Science-based reading research: means research that (i) applies rigorous, systematic, and objective observational or experimental procedures to obtain valid knowledge relevant to reading development, reading instruction, and reading and writing difficulties and (ii) explains how proficient reading and writing develop, why some children have difficulties developing key literacy skills, and how schools can best assess and instruct early literacy, including the use of evidence-based literacy instruction practices to promote reading and writing achievement. See Virginia Code 22.1-1 v2
Secretary: means the Secretary of Administration. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Secure remote access to land records: means public access by electronic means on a network or system to land records maintained by the clerk of the circuit court or the clerk's designated application service providers, in compliance with the Secure Remote Access Standards developed by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency. See Virginia Code 17.1-295
Seedsman: means any person who offers corn seeds for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
sell: includes soliciting or receiving an order for; keeping, offering or exposing for sale; peddling, exchanging or bartering; or delivering otherwise than gratuitously, by any means, alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Senior alert: means the notice of a missing senior adult provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Senior Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
Senior Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a senior adult will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
Shares: means the interest of a member having an account in a credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Silt: means fine particles resulting from a mineral mining operation, suspended in or deposited by water. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
Sole ownership: The type of property ownership in which one individual holds legal title to the property and has full control of it.
Solid waste: means any garbage, refuse, sludge, and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid, or contained gaseous material, resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations, or community activities, but does not include (i) solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage; (ii) solid or dissolved material in irrigation return flows or in industrial discharges that are sources subject to a permit from the State Water Control Board; (iii) source, special nuclear, or by-product material as defined by the Federal Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended; or (iv) post-use polymers or recovered feedstocks that are (a) processed at an advanced recycling facility or (b) held at or held for the purpose of conversion at such advanced recycling facility prior to conversion. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Special agent: means an employee of the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority whom the Board has designated as a law-enforcement officer pursuant to § 4. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Special event: means an event sponsored by a duly organized nonprofit corporation or association and conducted for an athletic, charitable, civic, educational, political, or religious purpose. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Spirits: means any beverage that contains alcohol obtained by distillation mixed with drinkable water and other substances, in solution, and includes, among other things, brandy, rum, whiskey, and gin, or any one or more of the last four named ingredients, but shall not include any such liquors completely denatured in accordance with formulas approved by the United States government. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Spoil: means any overburden or other material removed from its natural state in the process of mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
State agency: means any agency, institution, board, bureau, commission, council, or instrumentality of state government in the executive branch listed in the appropriation act. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 1-206
State correctional facility: means any correctional center or correctional field unit used for the incarceration of adult offenders established and operated by the Department of Corrections, or operated under contract pursuant to § 53. See Virginia Code 53.1-1
Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Storage: means the containment or holding of hazardous wastes pending treatment, recycling, reuse, recovery or disposal. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Sublease: means a lease of goods the right to possession and use of which was acquired by the lessor as a lessee under an existing lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
Subscriber: means any person who has entered into a subscriber agreement with the clerk of the circuit court authorizing the subscriber to have secure remote access to land records or secure remote access to court records maintained by the clerk or the clerk's designated application service providers. See Virginia Code 17.1-295
Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
Superintendent: means the Superintendent of State Police. See Virginia Code 52-53
Superintendent: means the Superintendent of Public Instruction. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
Supervisor: means a member of the board of supervisors of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Supplier: means a person from whom a lessor buys or leases goods to be leased under a finance lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Supply contract: means a contract under which a lessor buys or leases goods to be leased. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
Telecommunications: means any origination, transmission, emission, or reception of data, signs, signals, writings, images, and sounds or intelligence of any nature, by wire, radio, television, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. See Virginia Code 2.2-2006
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July one, nineteen hundred seventy-one, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
transportation: means any movement of property and any packing, loading, or unloading or storage incidental thereto. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Treatment: means any method, technique, or process, including incineration or neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological character or composition of any waste to neutralize it or to render it less hazardous or nonhazardous, safer for transport, amenable to recovery or storage, or reduced in volume. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Treatment: means any method, technique or process, including incineration or neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical or biological character or composition of any hazardous waste to neutralize it or to render it less hazardous or nonhazardous, safer for transport, amenable to recovery or storage or reduced in volume. See Virginia Code 10.1-1433
Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Usury: Charging an illegally high interest rate on a loan. ^{Source: OCC}
Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Waste: means any solid, hazardous, or radioactive waste as defined in this section. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Waste management: means the collection, source separation, storage, transportation, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of waste or resource recovery. See Virginia Code 10.1-1400
Water: means water used in a mining operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
Wine: includes any wine to which wine spirits have been added, as provided in the Internal Revenue Code, to make products commonly known as "fortified wine" which do not exceed an alcohol content of 21 percent by volume. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.

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Virginia Code > Title 45.2 > Subtitle III – Mineral Mines

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 45.2 > Subtitle III - Mineral Mines

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