Article 1 General Provisions 32-5A-1 – 32-5A-13
Article 2 Traffic Signs, Signals and Markings 32-5A-30 – 32-5A-37
Article 3 Operation and Use of Vehicles Generally 32-5A-50 – 32-5A-62
Article 4 Driving on and Use of Roadways Generally; Overtaking and Passing 32-5A-80 – 32-5A-93
Article 5 Right-of-way 32-5A-110 – 32-5A-116
Article 6 Turning, Starting and Stopping Generally 32-5A-130 – 32-5A-139
Article 7 Special Stops Required 32-5A-150 – 32-5A-155
Article 8 Speed Restrictions 32-5A-170 – 32-5A-178
Article 8A County and Municipal Reduced Speed School Zone Act 32-5A-180 – 32-5A-186
Article 9 Serious Traffic Offenses 32-5A-190 – 32-5A-196
Article 9A Safe Streets Act 32-5A-200 – 32-5A-205
Article 10 Pedestrians’ Rights and Duties 32-5A-210 – 32-5A-222
Article 11 Motorcycles 32-5A-240 – 32-5A-245
Article 12 Bicycles and Play Vehicles 32-5A-260 – 32-5A-267
Article 13 Bicycle Safety 32-5A-280 – 32-5A-286
Article 14 Suspension of Driving Privileges for Alcohol Related Offenses 32-5A-300 – 32-5A-309
Article 15 Possession of Open Container of Alcoholic Beverages in Motor Vehicle Prohibited 32-5A-330
Article 16 Text Messaging While Operating a Motor Vehicle; Prohbited 32-5A-350 – 32-5A-352

Terms Used In Alabama Code > Title 32 > Chapter 5A - Rules of the Road

  • abandonment: A voluntary and intentional relinquishment of the custody of a minor by parent, or a withholding from the minor, without good cause or excuse, by the parent, of his or her presence, care, love, protection, maintenance, or the opportunity for the display of filial affection, or the failure to claim the rights of a parent, or the failure to perform the duties of a parent. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Acquittal:
    1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
    2. A verdict of "not guilty."
     
  • adoptee: The person being adopted. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • ADOPTION ASSISTANCE STATE: The state that is signatory to an adoption assistance agreement in a particular case. See Alabama Code 26-10B-3
  • adult: A person who is 19 years of age or older or who by statute is otherwise deemed an adult. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
  • Allegation: something that someone says happened.
  • alley: A street or highway intended to provide access to the rear or side of lots or buildings in urban districts and not intended for the purpose of through vehicular traffic. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
  • Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
  • authority: The Jackson County Water Authority, a public corporation organized pursuant to this part. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • AUTHORIZING ACT: Any of the following statutes or acts:

    a. See Alabama Code 8-6-110

  • Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
  • Bailiff: a court officer who enforces the rules of behavior in courtrooms.
  • bank: A bank, trust company, national banking association, savings bank, or industrial bank. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC
  • bicycle: Every device propelled by human power upon which any individual may ride, having two tandem wheels either of which is more than 14 inches in diameter. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Bicycle: includes , but is not limited to, a human-powered vehicle designed to transport by the act of pedaling which has more than two wheels when the vehicle is used on a public roadway, public bicycle path, or other public road or right-of-way, but does not include a tricycle. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • board: The State Board of Agriculture and Industries. See Alabama Code 2-32-1
  • board: The Board of Directors of the Jackson County Water Authority. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • bonds: Bonds, notes, and certificates representing an obligation to pay money. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • broker: A person, including a bank, lawfully engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities for the account of others and includes a broker lawfully engaged in buying and selling securities for his own account. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • bus: Every motor vehicle designed for carrying more than 10 passengers and used for the transportation of individuals and every motor vehicle other than a taxicab, designed and used for the transportation of individuals for compensation. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • certificate of incorporation: as used in this chapter is synonymous to the term "certificate of formation" used in Chapter 1. See Alabama Code 10A-2A-1.40
  • Charity: An agency, institution, or organization in existence and operating for the benefit of an indefinite number of persons and conducted for educational, religious, scientific, medical, or other beneficent purposes.
  • commission: The Alabama Securities Commission existing under Article 2 (commencing with Section 8-6-50) of Chapter 6 of Title 8. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • commissioner: The Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries. See Alabama Code 2-32-1
  • commissioner: The Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries. See Alabama Code 2-1-1
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • consent: Voluntarily agreeing to adoption. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
  • contribution: A tangible or intangible benefit that a person transfers to an entity in consideration for an ownership interest in the entity or otherwise in the person's capacity as an owner or a member. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • CONTROLLED-ACCESS HIGHWAY: Every highway, street, or roadway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the same except at such points only and in such manner as may be determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over the highway, street, or roadway. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • conversion: A conversion, whether referred to as a conversion, domestication, or otherwise, means:

    (A) the continuance of a domestic entity as a foreign entity of any type;

    (B) the continuance of a foreign entity as a domestic entity of any type; or

    (C) the continuance of a domestic entity of one type as a domestic entity of another type. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03

  • Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
  • corporation: Includes a domestic or foreign business corporation, including a benefit corporation, as defined in Chapter 2A, a domestic or foreign nonprofit corporation as defined in Chapter 3, a domestic or foreign professional corporation as defined in Chapter 4, and those entities specified in Chapter 20 as corporate. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • county: Jackson County. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • court: The designated court, and if none, the circuit court specifically set forth in this title, and if none, any other court having jurisdiction in a case. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • crosswalk: Either of the following:

    a. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1

  • day: When used in the computation of time, excludes the first day and includes the last day of the period so computed, unless the last day is a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, in which event the period runs until the end of the next day that is not a Saturday, a Sunday, or a legal holiday. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • dealer: Every person engaged in the business of buying, selling, or exchanging vehicles who has an established place of business for that purpose in this state and to whom current dealer registration plates have been issued by the Department of Revenue. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Decedent: A deceased person.
  • Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • department: The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency acting directly or through its duly authorized officers and agents. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
  • Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
  • director: An individual who serves on the board of directors, by whatever name known, of a foreign or domestic corporation. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • director: The Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • director: The director appointed by the commission pursuant to Section 8-6-55 or, in the absence of the director or his or her inability to act, the deputy director appointed by the director as provided in Section 8-6-57. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • director: A member of the Board of Directors of the Jackson County Water Authority. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source:
  • distribution: A transfer of property, including cash, from an entity to an owner or member of the entity in the owner's or member's capacity as an owner or member. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • driver: Every individual who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • ELECTRIC BICYCLE: A bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals, a saddle or seat for the rider, and an electric motor of less than 750 watts that meets the requirements of one of the following three classes:

    a. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1

  • entity: A domestic or foreign organization. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
  • Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
  • explosives: Any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that is commonly used or intended for the purpose of producing an explosion and which contains any oxidizing and combustive units or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities, or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • father: A male person who is the biological father of the minor or is treated by law as the father. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • FEED DISTRIBUTOR: Any person residing in Alabama, or any Alabama corporation, or Alabama legal business entity that sells directly to a ratite producer feed of any sort that is intended for ratite consumption regardless of where the feed is manufactured. See Alabama Code 2-32-1
  • Firefighter: means a current member or members of, or a retired member or members from, a paid, part-paid or volunteer fire department of a city, town, county, or other subdivision of the state or civilian federal firefighters or of a public corporation organized for the purpose of providing water, water systems, fire protection services, or fire protection facilities in the state; and such words shall include the chief, assistant chief, wardens, engineers, captains, firemen, and all other officers and employees of such departments who actually engage in fire fighting or in rendering first aid in case of drownings or asphyxiation at the scene of action. See Alabama Code 32-6-270
  • Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
  • GARBAGE PICK UP AND DISPOSAL: All services involved in the pick up and disposal of garbage from residents, businesses, and factories. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • GOVERNING BODY: The county commission, council, board of commissioners, board of directors, or other governing body of any issuer. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
  • Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. Source: OCC
  • guarantor: The guarantor of the performance by the lessee of its obligations under a lease or the guarantor of any industrial revenue bonds. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
  • highway: The entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • HOUSE TRAILER: Either of the following:

    a. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1

  • Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
  • improvident: With respect to any industrial revenue bonds the term means that there is a reasonable probability that the bonds will be deficient in one or more of the following respects:

    a. See Alabama Code 8-6-110

  • incorporators: The persons forming a public corporation organized pursuant to this part. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • individual: A natural person and the estate of an incompetent or deceased natural person. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • INDUSTRIAL REVENUE BONDS: The bonds, warrants, notes, certificates of indebtedness, or other obligations issued by any issuer under the authority of the authorizing act to finance or refinance a project or to refund bonds, but does not include either of the following:

    a. See Alabama Code 8-6-110

  • Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
  • Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
  • intersection: Any of the following:

    a. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1

  • Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
  • issuer: A person who places, or authorizes the placing of, his name on a security other than as a transfer agent to evidence that it represents a share, participation, or other interest in his property or in an enterprise or to evidence his duty to perform an obligation evidenced by the security or who becomes responsible for or in place of any such person. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • issuer: Any county, city, town, municipality, or public corporation issuing industrial revenue bonds under the authorizing act. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • Judgement: The official decision of a court finally determining the respective rights and claims of the parties to a suit.
  • JUDICIAL VALIDATION: The procedure described in Section 8-6-119 by which industrial revenue bonds may be validated and culminating in a decree of the circuit court validating the bonds. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • juries: include courts or judges in all cases when a jury trial is waived, or when the court or judge is authorized to ascertain and determine the facts as well as the law. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
  • Juror: A person who is on the jury.
  • law: Unless the context requires otherwise, both statutory and common law. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • lease: The lease, installment purchase, or other agreement by which the lessee obtains the right to use the project and agrees to make payments sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the industrial revenue bonds issued to finance or refinance the project. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
  • lessee: The lessee, purchaser, or user of a project under the lease. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
  • LICENSED CHILD PLACING AGENCY: Any adoption agency that is licensed under the provisions of the Alabama Child Care Act of 1971 or any adoption agency approved by the Department of Human Resources. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
  • LOCAL AUTHORITIES: Either of the following:

    a. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1

  • mail: To deposit in the United States mail properly addressed and with postage prepaid. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • minor: A person under the age of 19 or a person who is not an adult under the law in the jurisdiction where he or she resides. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
  • mother: A female person who is the biological mother of the minor or is treated by law as the mother. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • MOTOR VEHICLE: Every vehicle that is self-propelled and every vehicle that is propelled by electric power obtained from overhead trolley wires, but not operated upon rails, except for electric personal assistive mobility devices and electric bicycles. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • MOTOR-DRIVEN CYCLE: Every motorcycle, including every motor scooter, with a motor that produces not more than five brake horsepower nor exceeds 150 cubic centimeter engine displacement, and weighs less than 200 pounds fully equipped, and every bicycle with a motor attached. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • motorcycle: Every motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, but excluding a tractor and an electric bicycle. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • municipality: An incorporated city or town of Jackson County. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • NEW TERRITORY: Any territory added, by amendment to the certificate of incorporation of an authority, to the area or areas in which that authority is authorized to render water, garbage, or sewer service. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
  • nonresident: Every individual who is not a resident of this state. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • notification: The instrument or the procedure, or both, by which an issuer is required by this article to notify the director prior to the proposed issuance of industrial revenue bonds. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • officer: An individual elected, appointed, or designated as an officer of an entity by the entity's governing authority or under the entity's governing documents. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • OFFICIAL TRAFFIC-CONTROL DEVICES: All signs, signals, markings, and devices not inconsistent with this title placed or erected by authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction, for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • operator: A person who travels on a bicycle seated on a saddle seat from which that person is intended to and can pedal the bicycle. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • owner: A person, other than a lienholder, having the property in or title to a vehicle. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • parent: Natural or legal father or mother. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
  • passenger: Any person who travels on a bicycle in any manner except as an operator. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • pedestrian: Any individual afoot. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • person: An individual, a partnership, a corporation or two or more individuals having a joint or common interest. See Alabama Code 2-1-1
  • person: Every individual, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • person: An individual, including the estate of an incompetent or deceased individual, or an entity, whether created by the laws of this state or another state or foreign country, including, without limitation, a general partnership, limited liability partnership, limited partnership, limited liability limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation, professional corporation, nonprofit corporation, professional association, trustee, personal representative, fiduciary, as defined in Section 19-3-150 or person performing in any similar capacity, business trust, estate, trust, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • person: Such term shall include a natural person, a corporation created under the laws of this or any other state, country, sovereignty, or political subdivision thereof, a partnership, an association, a joint-stock company, a trust, and any unincorporated organization. See Alabama Code 8-6-2
  • person: Such term includes a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership or association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest or any other legal or commercial entity. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • person: Unless limited to a natural person by the context in which it is used, such term includes a public or private corporation, a municipality, a county, or an agency, department, or instrumentality of the state or of a county or municipality. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • personal property: includes money, goods, chattels, things in action and evidence of debt, deeds and conveyances. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
  • Personal property: All property that is not real property.
  • Petit jury: A group of citizens who hear the evidence presented by both sides at trial and determine the facts in dispute. Federal criminal juries consist of 12 persons. Federal civil juries consist of six persons.
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
  • Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
  • POLICE OFFICER: Every officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • preceding: means next before. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
  • Preliminary hearing: A hearing where the judge decides whether there is enough evidence to make the defendant have a trial.
  • PRESUMED FATHER: Any male person as defined in the Alabama Uniform Parentage Act. See Alabama Code 26-10A-2
  • PRINCIPAL OFFICE: The office, in or out of this state, where the principal executive office, whether referred to as the principal executive office, chief executive office, or otherwise, of an entity is located. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
  • project: Any land, plant, building, facilities, equipment, or other property proposed to be acquired with the proceeds of any industrial revenue bonds to be used by a lessee under a lease. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • property: Includes all property, whether real, personal, or mixed, or tangible or intangible, or any right or interest therein. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • property: Real and personal property and interests therein. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • PROTECTIVE BICYCLE HELMET: A piece of headgear which meets or exceeds the impact standard for protective bicycle helmets set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or the Snell Memorial Foundation, or which is otherwise approved by the Alabama Department of Public Safety. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • PUBLIC BICYCLE PATH: A right-of-way under the jurisdiction and control of the state, or a local political subdivision thereof, for use primarily by bicyclists and pedestrians. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
  • PUBLIC ROADWAY: A right-of-way under the jurisdiction and control of the state or a local political subdivision thereof for use primarily by motor vehicular traffic. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM: A water system which is owned or operated by the United States of America, the state, a county, a municipality, a public corporation organized under the laws of the state, any combination of any thereof, or any agency or instrumentality of any one or more thereof or in which any one or more thereof or any agency or instrumentality of any one or more thereof holds a reversionary or remainder interest. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
  • railroad: A carrier of individuals or property upon cars other than street cars, operated upon stationary rails. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • RAILROAD TRAIN: A steam engine, electric or other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon rails. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • ratite: One of a variety of flightless birds including an ostrich, emu, rhea, cassowary, or kiwi. See Alabama Code 2-32-1
  • RATITE PRODUCER: Any person residing in Alabama, or any Alabama corporation, or Alabama legal business entity that owns or has a financial investment in ratites located in Alabama. See Alabama Code 2-32-1
  • registration: The registration certificate or certificates and registration plates issued under the laws of this state pertaining to the registration of vehicles. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
  • RESIDENCE DISTRICT: The territory contiguous to and including a highway not comprising a business district when the property on the highway for a distance of 300 feet or more is, in the main, improved with residences or residences and buildings in use for business. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • RESIDENCE STATE: The state of which the child is a resident by virtue of the residence of the adoptive parents. See Alabama Code 26-10B-3
  • RESTRAINING SEAT: A seat separate from the saddle seat of the operator of the bicycle or a bicycle trailer or similar product that is fastened securely to the frame of the bicycle and is adequately equipped to restrain the passenger in the seat and protect the passenger from the moving parts of the bicycle. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • retired volunteer firefighter: includes a volunteer firefighter who is a resident of this state and who has retired from a volunteer fire department in another state and who otherwise meets the requirements of this subsection. See Alabama Code 32-6-270
  • Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). Source: OCC
  • Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
  • RIGHT-OF-WAY: The right of one vehicle or pedestrian to proceed in a lawful manner in preference to another vehicle or pedestrian approaching under such circumstances of direction, speed, and proximity as to give rise to danger of collision unless one grants precedence to the other. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • roadway: That portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the berm or shoulder. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • SAFETY ZONE: The area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • SCHOOL BUS: Every motor vehicle that complies with the color and identification requirements set forth by law or rule and is used to transport children to or from school or in connection with school activities, but not including buses operated by common carriers in urban transportation of school children. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • security: Such term includes any note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness or certificate of interest or participation in an oil, gas, or mining title or lease or in payment out of production under such a title or lease, collateral trust certificate, transferable share, voting trust certificate, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a security or any certificate, interest or participation in any temporary or interim certificate, receipt or certificate of deposit for, or any warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • semitrailer: Every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying individuals or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that some part of its weight and that of its load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. Source: U.S. Courts
  • SERVED UPON THE ISSUER: As applied to a stop order, notice of a reference to the commission, or of a hearing before the commission, the term means that it has been deposited in the United States mail in a sealed envelope with first class, certified postage prepaid, properly addressed to the issuer at the address shown in the notification, or delivered to the person who signed the notification on behalf of the issuer. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • SERVICE AREA: The geographic area or areas in which the authority is authorized by its certificate of incorporation or any amendment thereto to render water, sewer, or garbage service shall be any area within the county in which such service is not provided by another public authority. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
  • SEWER SERVICE: The construction, operation, and maintenance of sewer disposal facilities and lines in areas of the county not served by any other public sewer facility. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • sidewalk: That portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by pedestrians. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Sole ownership: The type of property ownership in which one individual holds legal title to the property and has full control of it.
  • state: Includes, when referring to a part of the United States, a state or commonwealth, and its agencies and governmental subdivisions, and a territory or possession, and its agencies and governmental subdivisions, of the United States. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • state: A state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a province of Canada. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • state: Any state, territory, or possession of the United States, as well as the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. See Alabama Code 8-6-2
  • state: A state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or a territory or possession of or administered by the United States. See Alabama Code 26-10B-3
  • state: The State of Alabama. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • stop: When required, means complete cessation from movement. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • STOP ORDER: An order issued by the director or by the commission in accordance with this article prohibiting the issuer from issuing the industrial revenue bonds described in the notification or any bonds in lieu of those bonds. See Alabama Code 8-6-110
  • street: The entire width between boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • subscriber: A person who agrees with or makes an offer to an entity to purchase by subscription an ownership interest in the entity. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • subscription: An agreement between a subscriber and an entity, or a written offer made by a subscriber to an entity before or after the entity's formation, in which the subscriber agrees or offers to purchase a specified ownership interest in the entity. See Alabama Code 10A-1-1.03
  • Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
  • THIRD-PARTY: A person other than a bank, broker, transfer agent, or issuer who with respect to a security held by a minor effects a transaction otherwise than directly with the minor. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
  • traffic: Pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, and other conveyances, either singly or together, while using any highway for purposes of travel. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNAL: Any device, whether manually, electrically, or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and permitted to proceed. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • trailer: Every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying individuals or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that no part of its weight rests upon the towing vehicle. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • TRANSFER AGENT: A person who acts as authenticating trustee, transfer agent, registrar, or other agent for an issuer in the registration of transfers of securities in the issue of new securities or in the cancellation of surrendered securities. See Alabama Code 8-6-91
  • transporter: Every person engaged in the business of delivering vehicles of a type required to be registered under this title from a manufacturing, assembling, or distributing plant to dealers or sales agents of a manufacturer. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
  • tricycle: A three-wheeled human-powered vehicle designed for use by a child under the age of six. See Alabama Code 32-5A-281
  • truck: Every motor vehicle designed, used, or maintained primarily for the transportation of property. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • TRUCK PLATOON: A group of individual commercial trucks traveling in a unified manner at electronically coordinated speeds at following distances that are closer than would be reasonable and prudent without the electronic coordination. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • URBAN DISTRICT: The territory contiguous to and including any street which is built up with structures devoted to business, industry, or dwelling houses situated at intervals of less than 100 feet for a distance of a quarter of a mile or more. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Usury: Charging an illegally high interest rate on a loan. Source: OCC
  • vehicle: Every device in, upon, or by which any individual or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a highway, excepting devices moved by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks or electric personal assistive mobility devices; provided, that for the purposes of this title, a bicycle, an electric bicycle, or a ridden animal shall be deemed a vehicle, except those provisions of this title, which by their very nature can have no application. See Alabama Code 32-1-1.1
  • Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
  • WATER SERVICE: The providing, furnishing, supplying, or distributing of water and the performing of all of the functions and activities reasonably incident to the operation of a water system. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • WATER SYSTEM: Land, plants, systems, facilities, buildings, and other property, or any combination of any thereof, which are used or useful or capable of future use in providing, furnishing, supplying, or distributing water, including, but not limited to, water supply systems, water distribution systems, reservoirs, wells, intakes, mains, laterals, aqueducts, pumping stations, standpipes, filtration plants, purification plants, meters, valves, fire hydrants, and all necessary appurtenances and equipment, and all properties, rights, easements, and franchises deemed necessary or desirable by the authority for use in rendering water service. See Alabama Code 45-36-252
  • writing: includes typewriting and printing on paper. See Alabama Code 1-1-1