Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 18 > Chapter 1 - Injuries by Dogs

• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Articles of incorporation: include :

  (a)	amended articles of incorporation;

  (b)	restated articles of incorporation;

  (c)	articles of merger; and

  (d)

  a document of a similar import to the documents described in Subsections (3)(a) through (c). See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. board of directors: means the body authorized to manage the affairs of a domestic or foreign nonprofit corporation. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Bylaws: includes : (i)  amended bylaws; and (ii)  restated bylaws. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 City: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Delegate: means a person elected or appointed to vote in a representative assembly: (a)  for the election of a director; or (b)  on matters other than the election of a director. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Director: means a member of the board of directors. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial. Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Individual: means : (a)  a natural person; (b)  the estate of an incompetent individual; or (c)  the estate of a deceased individual. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Member: includes : (i)  "voting member"; and (ii)  a shareholder in a water company. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Notice: means the same as that term is defined in Section 16-6a-103. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Person: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Person: means an: (a)  individual; or (b)  entity. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit. Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents. Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Property: includes both real and personal property. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business. Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation. Secretary: means the corporate officer to whom the bylaws or the board of directors delegates responsibility under Subsection 16-6a-818(3) for: (a)  the preparation and maintenance of: (i)  minutes of the meetings of: (A)  the board of directors; or (B)  the members; and (ii)  the other records and information required to be kept by the nonprofit corporation pursuant to Section 16-6a-1601; and (b)  authenticating records of the nonprofit corporation. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes a state, district, or territory of the United States. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Town: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge. Vote: includes authorization by: (a)  written ballot; and (b)  written consent. See Utah Code 16-6a-102 Writing: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5