Virginia Code > Title 15.2 > Subtitle III – Boundary Adjustments and Changes of Status of Counties, Cities and Towns

		Sections
Chapter 29	Commission on Local Government	15.2-2900 – 15.2-2908
Chapter 30	Special Courts	15.2-3000 – 15.2-3004
Chapter 31	Settling Boundaries Between Localities	15.2-3100 – 15.2-3109
Chapter 32	Boundary Changes of Towns and Cities	15.2-3200 – 15.2-3245
Chapter 33	Immunity of Counties or Parts of Counties from City-Initiated Annexation and City Incorporation	15.2-3300 – 15.2-3308
Chapter 34	Voluntary Settlement of Annexation, Transition or Immunity Issues	15.2-3400 – 15.2-3401
Chapter 35	Consolidation of Localities	15.2-3500 – 15.2-3550
Chapter 36	Incorporation of Towns by Judicial Proceeding	15.2-3600 – 15.2-3605
Chapter 37	Annulment of Town Charters	15.2-3700 – 15.2-3712
Chapter 38	Transition of Towns to Cities	15.2-3800 – 15.2-3834
Chapter 39	Transition of Counties to Cities	15.2-3900 – 15.2-3919
Chapter 40	Judicial Determination of City Status	15.2-4000 – 15.2-4005
Chapter 41	Transition of City to Town Status	15.2-4100 – 15.2-4120

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 15.2 > Subtitle III - Boundary Adjustments and Changes of Status of Counties, Cities and Towns

Accident and sickness insurance: means insurance against loss resulting from sickness, or from bodily injury or death by accident or accidental means, or from a combination of any or all of these perils. See Virginia Code 38.2-109
Account: means any account with a savings institution and includes a checking, time, interest, or savings account. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
account: means an account with a financial institution for which the account holder claims first-time home buyer savings account status on his Virginia income tax return for taxable year 2014 or any taxable year thereafter, pursuant to this chapter for the purpose of paying or reimbursing eligible costs for the purchase of a single-family residence in the Commonwealth by a qualified beneficiary. See Virginia Code 36-171
Account holder: means an individual who establishes, individually or jointly with one or more other individuals, an account with a financial institution for which the account holder claims a first-time home buyer savings account status on his Virginia income tax return. See Virginia Code 36-171
Acquire: means :
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1148
Acquittal:
1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
2. A verdict of "not guilty."
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
Adverse determination: means a determination by a health carrier or its designee utilization review entity that an admission, availability of care, continued stay, or other health care service that is a covered benefit has been reviewed and, based upon the information provided, does not meet the health carrier's requirements for medical necessity, appropriateness, health care setting, level of care, or effectiveness, and the requested service or payment for the service is therefore denied, reduced, or terminated. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Affiliate: means , with respect to an association, a bank holding company, as defined in 12 U. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
agency: shall be deemed to include without limitation any department, division, commission, association, board, or other administrative body established pursuant to the laws of a jurisdiction. See Virginia Code 8.01-385
Aggrieved person: means a person who was a party to any intercepted wire, electronic or oral communication or a person against whom the interception was directed;
"Aural transfer" means a transfer containing the human voice at any point between and including the point of origin and the point of reception;
"Communications common carrier" means any person engaged as a common carrier for hire in communication by wire or radio or in radio transmission of energy;
"Contents" when used with respect to any wire, electronic or oral communication, includes any information concerning the substance, purport or meaning of that communication;
"Electronic, mechanical or other device" means any device or apparatus that can be used to intercept a wire, electronic or oral communication other than:
(a) Any telephone or telegraph instrument, equipment or facility, or any component thereof, (i) furnished to the subscriber or user by a provider of wire or electronic communication service in the ordinary course of its business and being used by the subscriber or user in the ordinary course of its business or furnished by the subscriber or user for connection to the facilities of such service and used in the ordinary course of the subscriber's or user's business; or (ii) being used by a communications common carrier in the ordinary course of its business, or by an investigative or law-enforcement officer in the ordinary course of his duties;
(b) A hearing aid or similar device being used to correct subnormal hearing to not better than normal;
"Electronic communication" means any transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence of any nature transmitted in whole or in part by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic or photooptical system. See Virginia Code 19.2-61
Allegation: something that someone says happened.
Allowable closing costs: means a disbursement listed on a settlement statement for the purchase of a single-family residence in the Commonwealth by a qualified beneficiary. See Virginia Code 36-171
Ambulatory review: means utilization review of health care services performed or provided in an outpatient setting. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
Annual percentage rate: The cost of credit at a yearly rate. It is calculated in a standard way, taking the average compound interest rate over the term of the loan so borrowers can compare loans. Lenders are required by law to disclose a card account's APR. ^{Source: FDIC}
Annuities: means all agreements to make periodic payments in specified or calculable sums pursuant to the terms of a contract for a stated period of time or for the life of the person or persons specified in the contract. See Virginia Code 38.2-106
Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
annuity: shall be deemed to include "variable annuity" and "modified guaranteed annuity" and shall be deemed to include a contract under which a lump sum cash settlement is an alternative to the option of periodic payments. See Virginia Code 38.2-106
Anonymous physical evidence recovery kit: means a physical evidence recovery kit that is collected from a victim of sexual assault through a forensic medical examination where the victim elects, at the time of the examination, not to report the sexual assault offense to a law-enforcement agency. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Anonymous trace evidence collection kit: means a trace evidence collection kit that is collected from a victim of strangulation through a forensic medical examination where the victim elects, at the time of the examination, not to report the strangulation to a law-enforcement agency. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5 v2
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
Articles of incorporation: means all documents constituting, at any particular time, the charter of a corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Articles of organization: means all documents constituting, at any particular time, the articles of organization of a limited liability company. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Assessable year: means the calendar year upon which the direct gross premium income is computed under this chapter. See Virginia Code 38.2-402
Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
Assignee: means a person to which all or part of a membership interest has been transferred, whether or not the transferor is a member. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Associate-degree-granting: means that an associate degree is the most advanced degree that is granted. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education: includes Richard Bland College and each comprehensive community college. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Association: has the meaning assigned to it in § 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Association: means a savings and loan association or building and loan association that is authorized by law to accept deposits and to hold itself out to the public as engaged in the savings and loan business. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Association: means the joint underwriting association established pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
Association: means the joint underwriting association established pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney: means the person designated and authorized by subscribers as the attorney-in-fact having authority to obligate them on reciprocal insurance contracts. See Virginia Code 38.2-1201
Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Authority: means the Virginia College Building Authority. See Virginia Code 23.1-1200
Authority: means the Virginia College Building Authority established in § 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1220
Authorized representative: means (i) a person to whom a covered person has given express written consent to represent the covered person in an external review, (ii) a person authorized by law to provide substituted consent for a covered person, or (iii) a family member of the covered person or the covered person's treating health care professional only when the covered person is unable to provide consent. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Baccalaureate: means that bachelor's degrees or more advanced degrees, or both, are granted. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Balanced budget: A budget in which receipts equal outlays.
Bank: means any national bank, any bank organized under Chapter 8 (§ 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Basic property insurance: means insurance against direct loss to any property caused by perils defined and limited in the standard fire policy prescribed in §§ 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-2701
Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
benefits: means those health care services to which a covered person is entitled under the terms of a health benefit plan. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Bequeath: To gift property by will.
Bequest: Property gifted by will.
Best evidence: means evidence based on (i) randomized clinical trials; if randomized clinical trials are not available, then (ii) cohort studies or case-control studies; if clauses (i) and (ii) are not available, then (iii) case-series; or if clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) are not available, then (iv) expert opinion. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Resources Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Board of directors: means the group of persons vested with the management of the business of the corporation irrespective of the name by which such group is designated, and "director" means a member of the board of directors. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Board of supervisors: means the governing body of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Bond: means any bond, note, or other evidences of indebtedness or obligation of the Authority pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 23.1-1200 v2
Bond with surety: includes the payment in cash of the full amount of the required bond and, in such case, no surety shall be required. See Virginia Code 1-205
Branch office: means an office of a savings institution where, in addition to conducting other business activities of the institution, the institution accepts deposits. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Bureau of Insurance: means the division of the Commission established to administer the insurance laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Business firm: means any corporation, partnership, electing small business (Subchapter S) corporation, limited liability company, or sole proprietorship authorized to do business in the Commonwealth and subject to tax imposed under Articles 2 (§ 58. See Virginia Code 36-158
business of insurance: include solicitation, negotiations preliminary to execution, execution of an insurance contract, and the transaction of matters subsequent to execution of the contract and arising out of it. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Capital: means the sum of share accounts, reserves, and undivided earnings of a credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Capital project: means the acquisition of any interest in land, including (i) capital leases and (ii) improvements on the acquired land consisting of (a) new construction of at least 5,000 square feet, (b) new construction costing at least $2 million, or (c) improvements or renovations costing at least $2 million. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
Case management: means a coordinated set of activities conducted for individual patient management of serious, complicated, protracted, or other health conditions. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Case-series: means an evaluation of a series of patients with a particular outcome, without the use of a control group. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Certification: means a determination by a health carrier or its designee utilization review entity that an admission, availability of care, continued stay, or other health care service has been reviewed and, based on the information provided, satisfies the health carrier's requirements for medical necessity, appropriateness, health care setting, level of care, and effectiveness. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Check 21 Act: Check 21 is a federal law that is designed to enable banks to handle more checks electronically, which is intended to make check processing faster and more efficient. Check 21 is the short name for the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act, which went into effect on October 28, 2004. ^{Source: OCC}
Chief executive officer: includes the Chancellor of the Virginia Community College System, the Chancellor of the University of Virginia's College at Wise, the Superintendent of Virginia Military Institute, and the president of each other public institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
Civil forfeiture: The loss of ownership of property used to conduct illegal activity.
Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
Clinical review criteria: means the written screening procedures, decision abstracts, clinical protocols, and practice guidelines used by a health carrier to determine the necessity and appropriateness of health care services. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Codicil: An addition, change, or supplement to a will executed with the same formalities required for the will itself.
Commercial liability insurance: means the commercial classes of insurance defined in §§ 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Financial Institutions. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Commissioner of Insurance: means the administrative or executive officer of the Bureau. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Common trust funds: means common trust funds that are described under § 584 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as well as any other type of collective investment fund that is exempt from federal income taxation under any other provision of the Internal Revenue Code or regulations issued pursuant thereto. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Company: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Comprehensive community college: means an associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education governed by the State Board that offers instruction in one or more of the following fields:
1. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Concurrent review: means utilization review conducted during a patient's hospital stay or course of treatment. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Constitutional officer: means an officer provided for pursuant to Article VII, § 4 of the Constitution. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Consumer lease: means a lease that a lessor regularly engaged in the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and who takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family, or household purpose. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Contents: when used with respect to any wire, electronic or oral communication, includes any information concerning the substance, purport or meaning of that communication;
"Electronic, mechanical or other device" means any device or apparatus that can be used to intercept a wire, electronic or oral communication other than:
(a) Any telephone or telegraph instrument, equipment or facility, or any component thereof, (i) furnished to the subscriber or user by a provider of wire or electronic communication service in the ordinary course of its business and being used by the subscriber or user in the ordinary course of its business or furnished by the subscriber or user for connection to the facilities of such service and used in the ordinary course of the subscriber's or user's business; or (ii) being used by a communications common carrier in the ordinary course of its business, or by an investigative or law-enforcement officer in the ordinary course of his duties;
(b) A hearing aid or similar device being used to correct subnormal hearing to not better than normal;
"Electronic communication" means any transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence of any nature transmitted in whole or in part by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic or photooptical system. See Virginia Code 19.2-61
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
contract: means any insurance contract or agreement whereby a person undertakes for a specified period of time and for a predetermined fee to furnish, arrange for or indemnify for service, repair, or replacement of any and all of the structural components, parts, appliances, or systems of any covered residential dwelling necessitated by wear and tear, deterioration, inherent defect, or by the failure of an inspection to detect the likelihood of failure. See Virginia Code 38.2-2600
Contribution: means any cash, property or services rendered, or a promissory note or other binding obligation to contribute cash or property or to perform services, which a member contributes to a limited liability company in his capacity as a member. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Corporate credit union: means a credit union whose field of membership consists primarily of other credit unions. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Corporation: means a corporation organized in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 6.2-1331
Costs: means (i) all or any part of the cost of construction, acquisition, alteration, enlargement, reconstruction, and remodeling of a project, including all lands, structures, real or personal property, rights, rights-of-way, air rights, franchises, easements, and interests acquired or used in connection with a project; (ii) the cost of demolishing or removing any building or structure on land acquired in connection with a project, including the cost of acquiring any lands to which such building or structure may be moved, the cost of all machinery and equipment, financing charges, interest prior to, during, and for a period after completion of such construction and acquisition, provisions for reserves for principal and interest, and provisions for extensions, enlargements, additions, replacements, renovations, and improvements; (iii) the cost of architectural, engineering, financial, and legal services, plans, specifications, studies, surveys, and estimates of cost and revenues; (iv) administrative expenses; (v) expenses necessary or incident to determining the feasibility or practicability of constructing the project; and (vi) such other expenses as may be necessary or incident to constructing and acquiring the project, financing such construction, acquiring the project, and placing the project in operation. See Virginia Code 23.1-1220
Council: means the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Council: means the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
County: means any existing county or such unit hereafter created. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
court: shall be deemed to include the courts of this Commonwealth, any other person or body appointed by it or acting under its process or authority in a judicial or quasi-judicial capacity, and any other judicial, quasi-judicial, or fact-finding body acting pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth, including without limitation, the State Corporation Commission and the Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission. See Virginia Code 8.01-385
Court: means any court vested with appropriate jurisdiction under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
Court reporter: A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court and produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request.
Covered employee: means any individual who is employed by a covered institution on either a salaried or wage basis. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Covered institution: means a public institution of higher education that has entered into a management agreement with the Commonwealth to be governed by the provisions of Article 4 (§ 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Covered person: means a policyholder, subscriber, enrollee, or other individual participating in a health benefit plan. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. ^{Source: OCC}
Credit Score: A number, roughly between 300 and 800, that measures an individual's credit worthiness. The most well-known type of credit score is the FICO score. This score represents the answer from a mathematical formula that assigns numerical values to various pieces of information in your credit report. ^{Source: OCC}
Credit union: means a cooperative, nonprofit corporation organized under the laws of the Commonwealth and authorized to do business under this chapter for the purposes of encouraging thrift among its members, creating a source of credit at fair and reasonable rates of interest, providing an opportunity for its members to use and control their own money on a democratic basis in order to improve their economic and social condition, and conducting any other business, engaging in any other activity, and providing any other service that may be of benefit to its members, consistent with the provisions of this chapter and any regulations adopted by the Commission under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Credit union: means any credit union organized under Chapter 13 (§ 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
Credit union service organization: means any organization, corporation, or association, if (i) the membership or ownership, as the case may be, of such organization, corporation, or association is primarily confined or restricted to credit unions or organizations of credit unions and (ii) the purpose for which such organization, corporation, or association is organized is to strengthen or advance the development of credit unions or credit union organizations. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Dam owner: means the owner of the land on which a dam is situated, the holder of an easement permitting the construction of a dam and any person or entity agreeing to maintain a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Deadly force: means any force that is likely or intended to cause serious bodily injury or death. See Virginia Code 19.2-83.3
Deadly weapon: means any object, other than a body part or stationary object, that in the manner of its actual, attempted, or threatened use is likely to cause serious bodily injury or death. See Virginia Code 19.2-83.3
Decedent: A deceased person.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Department: means the Virginia Department of Forensic Science. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Department: means the Department of Housing and Community Development. See Virginia Code 36-158
Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
Designated relative: means the individual to or through whom the family members are related. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Devise: To gift property by will.
Direct gross premium income: means direct gross premium as defined in § 58. See Virginia Code 38.2-402
Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Discharge planning: means the formal process for determining, prior to discharge from a facility, the coordination and management of the care that a patient receives following discharge from a facility. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Distribution: means a direct or indirect transfer of money or other property, or incurrence of indebtedness by a limited liability company, to or for the benefit of its members in respect of their interests. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Division: means the Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services of the Virginia Department of General Services. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Document: means (i) any tangible medium on which information is inscribed, and includes any writing or written instrument, or (ii) an electronic record. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
domestic corporation: means a corporation not authorized by law to issue shares, irrespective of the nature of the business to be transacted, organized under this chapter or existing pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth on January 1, 1986, or that, by virtue of articles of incorporation, amendment, or merger, has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth, even though also being a corporation organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth or that has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth pursuant to Article 11. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
domestic limited liability company: means an entity that is an unincorporated organization organized and existing under this chapter, or that has become a domestic limited liability company of the Commonwealth pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Donee: The recipient of a gift.
Donor: The person who makes a gift.
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Electronic communication service: means any service which provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications;
"Electronic communication system" means any wire, radio, electromagnetic, photooptical or photoelectronic facilities for the transmission of wire or electronic communications, and any computer facilities or related electronic equipment for the electronic storage of such communications;
"Electronic storage" means any temporary, intermediate storage of a wire or electronic communication incidental to the electronic transmission thereof and any storage of such communication by an electronic communication service for purposes of backup protection of such communication;
"Intercept" means any aural or other means of acquisition of the contents of any wire, electronic or oral communication through the use of any electronic, mechanical or other device;
"Investigative or law-enforcement officer" means any officer of the United States or of a state or political subdivision thereof, who is empowered by law to conduct investigations of or to make arrests for offenses enumerated in this chapter, and any attorney authorized by law to prosecute or participate in the prosecution of such offenses;
"Judge of competent jurisdiction" means a judge of any circuit court of the Commonwealth with general criminal jurisdiction;
"Monitor" or "monitoring" means the actual auditory or visual acquisition of an intercepted communication by any means;
"Oral communication" means any oral communication uttered by a person exhibiting an expectation that such communication is not subject to interception under circumstances justifying such expectations but does not include any electronic communication;
"Pen register" means a device or process that records or decodes dialing, routing, addressing or signaling information transmitted by an instrument or facility from which a wire or electronic communication is transmitted; however, such information shall not include the contents of any communication. See Virginia Code 19.2-61
Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
Electronic transmission: means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by the recipient through an automated process. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Eligible costs: means the down payment and allowable closing costs for the purchase of a single-family residence in the Commonwealth by a qualified beneficiary. See Virginia Code 36-171
Eligible institution: means public institutions of higher education, as that term is defined in § 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1200
Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
Emergency medical condition: means the sudden and, at the time, unexpected onset of a health condition or illness that requires immediate medical attention, where failure to provide medical attention would result in a serious impairment to bodily functions or a serious dysfunction of a bodily organ or part, or would place the person's health in serious jeopardy. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Emergency services: means health care items and services furnished or required to evaluate and treat an emergency medical condition. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Enabling statutes: means each chapter in Subtitle IV (§ 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
Entity: includes any domestic or foreign limited liability company, any domestic or foreign other business entity, any estate or trust, and any state, the United States, and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Entity: includes any domestic or foreign corporation; any domestic or foreign stock corporation; any domestic or foreign unincorporated entity; any estate or trust; and any state, the United States, and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Entity conversion: means conversion. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Entity conversion: means conversion. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Equipment: means any personal property, including computer hardware and software, and any other improvements, including infrastructure improvements relating to equipment, used to support academic instruction and research at eligible institutions. See Virginia Code 23.1-1200 v2
Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
Evidence-based standard: means the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of the current best evidence based on the overall systematic review of the research in making decisions about the care of individual patients. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
Excessive force: means any force that is objectively unreasonable given the totality of the circumstances, including the severity of the crime at issue, whether the suspect poses an immediate threat to the safety of the officers or others, and whether the suspect is actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight. See Virginia Code 19.2-83.3
Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
Expert opinion: means a belief or an interpretation by specialists with experience in a specific area about the scientific evidence pertaining to a particular service, intervention, or therapy. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
Facilities: means all (i) real, personal, tangible, and intangible property, including all (a) infrastructure suitable for supporting a covered institution's mission and ancillary activities and (b) structures, buildings, improvements, additions, extensions, replacements, appurtenances, lands, rights in land, furnishings, landscaping, approaches, roadways, and other related and supporting facilities held, possessed, owned, leased, operated, or used, in whole or in part, by a covered institution and (ii) rights in such property. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Facility: means an institution providing health care services or a health care setting, including hospitals and other licensed inpatient centers; ambulatory surgical or treatment centers; skilled nursing centers; residential treatment centers; diagnostic, laboratory, and imaging centers; and rehabilitation and other therapeutic health settings. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
Family: means a designated relative and family members of that designated relative. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Family member: means the designated relative and:
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
Federal financial institution: means a financial institution incorporated or organized in accordance with the laws of the United States. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
Federal savings institution: means a savings institution incorporated or organized in accordance with the laws of the United States. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Fiduciary: includes a guardian, committee, trustee, executor, conservator, or personal representative. See Virginia Code 64.2-100
Fiduciary: means executor, administrator, conservator, guardian, committee, or trustee. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Fiduciary: means the status resulting from an association's undertaking to act alone, through an affiliate, or jointly with others, primarily for the benefit of another, and includes an association's acting as trustee, executor, administrator, committee, guardian, conservator, receiver, managing agent, registrar of stocks and bonds, escrow, transfer, or paying agent, trustee of employee pension, welfare and profit sharing trusts, and in any other similar capacity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
Fiduciary: shall include any one or more of the following:
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Fiduciary records: means all matters which are written, transcribed, recorded, received, or otherwise come into the possession of an association and are necessary to preserve information concerning the actions and events relevant to the fiduciary activities of an association. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Final adverse determination: means an adverse determination involving a covered benefit that has been upheld by a health carrier, or its designee utilization review entity, at the completion of the health carrier's internal appeal process. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Finance charge: The total cost of credit a customer must pay on a consumer loan, including interest. The Truth in Lending Act requires disclosure of the finance charge. ^{Source: OCC}
Finance charge: has the meaning assigned to it in Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Regulation Z, 12 C. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, or credit union or any benefit association, insurance company, safe deposit company, money market mutual fund, or similar entity authorized to do business in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 36-171
Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, or credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
Financial institution holding company: has the meaning assigned to it in § 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
- You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
- The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
- The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
Flood prevention or protection: means the construction of dams, levees, flood walls, channel improvements or diversions, local flood proofing, evacuation of flood-prone areas or land use controls which reduce or mitigate damage from flooding. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Flood prevention or protection studies: means hydraulic and hydrologic studies of flood plains with historic and predicted floods, the assessment of flood risk and the development of strategies to prevent or mitigate damage from flooding. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Foreign corporation: means a corporation not authorized by law to issue shares, organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Foreign limited liability company: means an entity, excluding a foreign business trust, that is an unincorporated organization that is organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth and that is denominated by that law as a limited liability company, and that affords to each of its members, pursuant to the laws under which it is organized, limited liability with respect to the liabilities of the entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Foreign partnership: means an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit formed under the laws of any state or jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth, and includes, for all purposes of the laws of the Commonwealth, a foreign registered limited liability partnership. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Foreign protected series: means a protected series established by a foreign series limited liability company and having attributes comparable to a protected series established under Article 16 (§ 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Foreign savings institution: means a savings institution incorporated under the laws of a state other than the Commonwealth, the principal business office of which is located outside the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Foreign series limited liability company: means a foreign limited liability company having at least one foreign protected series. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
Fronting company: means a licensed insurer or licensed home protection company which generally transfers to one or more unlicensed insurers or unlicensed home protection companies by reinsurance or otherwise all or substantially all of the risk of loss under all of the home protection contracts written by it in this Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 38.2-2600
Fund: means the Housing Revitalization Zone Fund. See Virginia Code 36-158
Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
Goods: means all things that are movable at the time of identification to the lease contract, or are fixtures (§ 8. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Governing board: includes the State Board and the board of visitors of each baccalaureate public institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Governing instrument: means the written document or documents pursuant to which an association undertakes to act in a fiduciary capacity, and includes a will, codicil, deed of trust, trust deed, and other similar instruments. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
Health benefit plan: means a policy, contract, certificate, or agreement offered or issued by a health carrier to provide, deliver, arrange for, pay for, or reimburse any of the costs of health care services. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Health care professional: means a physician or other health care practitioner licensed, accredited, or certified to perform specified health care services consistent with the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Health care provider: means any hospital, clinic, or other medical facility that provides forensic medical examinations to victims of sexual assault. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Health care services: means services for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, cure, or relief of a health condition, illness, injury, or disease. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Health carrier: means an entity, subject to the insurance laws and regulations of the Commonwealth or subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, that contracts or offers to contract to provide, deliver, arrange for, pay for, or reimburse any of the costs of health care services, including an accident and sickness insurance company, a health maintenance organization, a nonprofit hospital and health service corporation, or a nonstock corporation offering or administering a health services plan, a hospital services plan, or a medical or surgical services plan, or any other entity providing a plan of health insurance, health benefits, or health care services except as excluded under § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Health services plan: means any arrangement for offering or administering health services or similar or related services by a corporation licensed under Chapter 42 of Title 59. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
Home loan: means a real estate loan the security for which is a lien on real estate comprising a single-family dwelling or a dwelling unit for four or fewer families in the aggregate. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Home protection company: means any person who performs, or arranges to perform, services pursuant to a home protection insurance contract. See Virginia Code 38.2-2600
Household: means those individuals who are related by blood, marriage, or other recognized family relationship and who live in the same house or other place of residence. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Housing revitalization zone: means an area declared by the Governor to be eligible for the benefits of this chapter. See Virginia Code 36-158
Housing unit: means any building, structure, or portion thereof, which is occupied as, or intended for occupancy as, a residence by one or more families. See Virginia Code 36-158
Immediate family: means the individuals in a household who are related by blood, marriage, or other recognized family relationship. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
Incidental coverage: means any other type of liability insurance covering activities directly related to the continued and efficient delivery of health care that: (i) cannot be obtained in the voluntary market because medical malpractice insurance is being provided pursuant to this chapter; and (ii) cannot be obtained through other involuntary market mechanisms. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
Incidental coverage: means any other type of liability insurance covering activities directly related to the continued and efficient delivery of business and professional services that: (i) cannot be separately obtained in the voluntary market because commercial liability insurance is being provided pursuant this chapter; and (ii) cannot be separately obtained through other involuntary market mechanisms. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
incorporated towns: as used in this article means only those incorporated towns which have held municipal elections in the ten years preceding the date of the filing of a petition for a referendum pursuant to § 15. See Virginia Code 15.2-3520
Independent review organization: means an entity that conducts independent external reviews of adverse determinations and final adverse determinations. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
insolvency: means that (i) a credit union is incapable of meeting the current demands of creditors or (ii) the current value of a credit union's assets is less than the current value of the sum of its share accounts and liabilities. See Virginia Code 6.2-1313
Inspection service: means any organization designated or approved by the Commission to determine the insurability and conditions of the properties for which basic property insurance is sought. See Virginia Code 38.2-2701
Insurance company: means any company engaged in the business of making contracts of insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
insurance policies: shall include contracts of fidelity, indemnity, guaranty and suretyship. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Insured savings institution: means a savings institution whose accounts are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or other federal insurance agency. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Insurer: means an insurance company. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Insuring organization: means an organization that provides aid and financial assistance to credit unions that are in the process of liquidation or are incurring financial difficulty in order that the share accounts in the credit unions shall be protected or guaranteed against loss up to a specified limit for each account, such as the National Credit Union Administration Share Insurance Fund, a corporation organized under Article 5 (§ 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
Interest: means either or both of the following rights under the organic law of a foreign or domestic unincorporated entity:
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
interest: means a member's share of the profits and the losses of the limited liability company and the right to receive distributions of the limited liability company's assets. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
Investment authority: means the responsibility conferred by action of law or a provision of a governing instrument to make, select, or change investments, review investment decisions made by others, or to provide investment advice or counsel to others. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Jurisdiction: when used to refer to a political entity, means the United States, a state, a foreign country, or a political subdivision of a foreign country. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Jurisdiction of formation: means the state or country the law of which includes the organic law governing a domestic or foreign limited liability company or other business entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Juror: A person who is on the jury.
Kinetic impact munitions: includes impact rounds and baton rounds, such as rubber batons, bean bag rounds, foam baton rounds, and plastic, wax, wood, or rubber-coated projectiles. See Virginia Code 19.2-83.3
Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
Lease: means a transfer of the right to possession and use of goods for a term in return for consideration, but a sale, including a sale on approval or a sale or return, or retention or creation of a security interest is not a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
Lease agreement: means the bargain, with respect to the lease, of the lessor and the lessee in fact as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances including course of dealing or usage of trade or course of performance as provided in this title. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease contract: means the total legal obligation that results from the lease agreement as affected by this title and any other applicable rules of law. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
Lessee: means a person who acquires the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lessor: means a person who transfers the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
Liability insurance: includes the classes of insurance defined in §§ 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
liability insurance: means the classes of insurance defined in §§ 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
License year: means the 12-month period beginning on July 1 next succeeding the assessable year and ending on June 30 of the subsequent year. See Virginia Code 38.2-402
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Life insurance: includes policies that also provide (i) endowment benefits; (ii) additional benefits incidental to a loss in the event of death, dismemberment, or loss by accident or accidental means; (iii) additional benefits to safeguard the contract from lapse or to provide a special surrender value, a special benefit or an annuity, in the event of total and permanent disability of the insured; and (iv) optional modes of settlement of proceeds. See Virginia Code 38.2-102
like unit: means the consolidation of (i) two or more counties into a consolidated county, (ii) two or more cities into a consolidated city or (iii) two or more towns into a consolidated town. See Virginia Code 15.2-3500
Liquid assets: means (i) cash on hand; (ii) cash on deposit in Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Reserve Banks, savings institutions, or in commercial banks that is withdrawable upon not more than 30 days' notice and that is not pledged as security for indebtedness; (iii) the liquid asset fund of the United States League of Saving Institutions; (iv) obligations of, or obligations that are fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the United States; or (v) any other asset that the Commissioner designates as a liquid asset. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
Loan: means a loan or forbearance of money. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
local government: shall be construed to mean a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth, or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Local zone administrator: means the chief executive of the county, city, or town in which a housing revitalization zone is located, or his designee. See Virginia Code 36-158
Main office: means the office where a savings institution first commences to do business or, if the savings institution has more than one office, the office designated by the institution's board of directors as the institution's main office. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Management agreement: means an agreement between the Commonwealth and a public institution of higher education that enables such institution to be governed by Article 4 (§ 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Manager-managed limited liability company: means a limited liability company that is managed by a manager or managers as provided for in its articles of organization or an operating agreement. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
managers: means a person or persons designated by the members of a limited liability company to manage the limited liability company as provided in the articles of organization or an operating agreement. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Managing agent: means the fiduciary relationship assumed by an association upon the creation of an account that names the association as agent and confers investment authority upon the association. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Manufactured building: means a manufactured home or other structure designed for use as a dwelling or business facility that is manufactured and assembled at a location other than the site where such manufactured home or other structure is placed for use as a dwelling or business facility, or both. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Market assistance plan: means a voluntary association of insurers and insurance agents licensed to do business in the Commonwealth that is formed, pursuant to a plan of operation filed with and approved by the Commission, to assist with the individual placement of commercial liability insurance coverage that is not reasonably available on the voluntary market. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
Medical malpractice insurance: means insurance coverage against the legal liability of the insured and against loss, damage, or expense incident to a claim arising out of the death or injury of any person as the result of negligence in rendering or failing to render professional service by any provider of health care. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
Medical or scientific evidence: means evidence found in (i) peer-reviewed scientific studies published in or accepted for publication by medical journals that meet nationally recognized requirements for scientific manuscripts and that submit most of their published articles for review by experts who are not part of the editorial staff; (ii) peer-reviewed medical literature, including literature relating to therapies reviewed and approved by a qualified institutional review board, biomedical compendia, and other medical literature that meet the criteria of the National Institutes of Health's Library of Medicine for indexing in Index Medicus (Medline) and Elsevier Science Ltd. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Medicare: means the "Health Insurance for the Aged Act" Title XVIII of the Social Security Amendment of 1965, as amended. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Member: includes such persons with a joint and survivorship or other multiple owner or borrower relationship, which persons shall constitute a single membership for purposes of this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Member: means one having a membership interest in a corporation in accordance with the provisions of its articles of incorporation or bylaws. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Member: means a person that has been admitted to membership in a limited liability company as provided in § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Member credit union: means a credit union which is a member of the corporation. See Virginia Code 6.2-1331
Member-managed limited liability company: means a limited liability company that is not a manager-managed limited liability company. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Mistrial: An invalid trial, caused by fundamental error. When a mistrial is declared, the trial must start again from the selection of the jury.
Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
Mutual association: means an association that is organized and operated exclusively for the benefit of its members and that does not issue shares of capital stock. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Mutual savings institution: means a savings institution that is organized and operated exclusively for the benefit of its members and that does not issue shares of capital stock. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
National Credit Union Administration: The federal regulatory agency that charters and supervises federal credit unions. (NCUA also administers the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, which insures the deposits of federal credit unions.) ^{Source: OCC}
Neck restraint: means the use of any body part or object to attempt to control or disable a person by applying pressure against the neck, including the trachea or carotid artery, with the purpose, intent, or effect of controlling or restricting the person's movement or restricting the person's blood flow or breathing, including chokeholds, carotid restraints, and lateral vascular neck restraints. See Virginia Code 19.2-83.3
Net direct premiums written: means gross direct premiums written in this Commonwealth on all policies of basic property insurance and the basic property insurance component of multi-peril policies less (i) all return premiums on those policies, (ii) dividends paid or credited to policyholders, and (iii) the unused or unabsorbed portions of premium deposits. See Virginia Code 38.2-2701
Net direct premiums written: means gross direct premiums written in this Commonwealth on all policies of liability insurance less, (i) all return premiums on the policy, (ii) dividends paid or credited to policyholders, and (iii) the unused or unabsorbed portions of premium deposits on liability insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
Net direct premiums written: means gross direct premiums written in this Commonwealth on all policies of liability insurance less (i) all return premiums on the policy, (ii) dividends paid or credited to policyholders, and (iii) the unused or unabsorbed portions of premium deposits on liability insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-2900
Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
Nonprofit private institution of higher education: means any postsecondary school, as that term is defined in § 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
Oath: includes affirmation. See Virginia Code 1-228
Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
official publication: includes any registry or listing of licenses, permits, or registrations posted on the official website of an agency or political subdivision. See Virginia Code 8.01-385
Open-end credit: A credit agreement (typically a credit card) that allows a customer to borrow against a preapproved credit line when purchasing goods and services. The borrower is only billed for the amount that is actually borrowed plus any interest due. (Also called a charge account or revolving credit.) ^{Source: OCC}
open-end credit plan: means consumer credit extended by a creditor under a plan in which: (i) the creditor reasonably contemplates repeated transactions; (ii) the creditor may impose a finance charge from time to time on an outstanding unpaid balance; and (iii) the amount of credit that may be extended to the consumer during the term of the plan, up to any limit set by the creditor, is generally made available to the extent that any outstanding balance is repaid. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
Operating agreement: means an agreement of the members as to the affairs of a limited liability company and the conduct of its business, or a writing or agreement of a limited liability company with one member that satisfies the requirements of subdivision A 2 of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Operating plan: means a plan that establishes the policies and procedures a private trust company will have in effect when the institution opens for business and thereafter (i) to ensure that trust accounts are handled in accordance with recognized standards of fiduciary conduct and (ii) to assure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
Organic law: means the statute governing the internal affairs of a domestic or foreign limited liability company or other business entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Original bill: A bill which is drafted by a committee. It is introduced by the committee or subcommittee chairman after the committee votes to report it.
Other business entity: means a domestic or foreign partnership, limited partnership, business trust, stock corporation, or nonstock corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Out-of-state savings institution: means a savings institution that:
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1148
Outlays: Outlays are payments made (generally through the issuance of checks or disbursement of cash) to liquidate obligations. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year.
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Participating covered employee: includes (i) all salaried nonfaculty covered employees who were employed by the covered institution on the day prior to the effective date of the initial management agreement and elect pursuant to § 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Participating institution: means any (i) organization that is exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and that is owned or controlled by a public institution of higher education or whose purpose is to support or otherwise benefit a public institution of higher education or (ii) nonprofit private institution of higher education in the Commonwealth whose primary purpose is to provide collegiate or graduate education and not to provide religious training or theological education that (a)(1) finances and constructs or (2) acquires a project or (b) refunds or refinances obligations, a mortgage, or advances as provided in this article. See Virginia Code 23.1-1220
Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
Person: includes a protected series. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Person: shall include individuals, a trust, an estate, a partnership, an association, an order, a corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity;
6. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Person: means any employee or agent of the Commonwealth or a political subdivision thereof, and any individual, partnership, association, joint stock company, trust or corporation;
"Readily accessible to the general public" means, with respect to a radio communication, that such communication is not (i) scrambled or encrypted; (ii) transmitted using modulation techniques whose essential parameters have been withheld from the public with the intention of preserving the privacy of such communication; (iii) carried on a subcarrier or other signal subsidiary to a radio transmission; (iv) transmitted over a communication system provided by a communications common carrier, unless the communication is a tone-only paging system communication; or (v) transmitted on frequencies allocated under Part 25, subpart D, E, or F of Part 74, or Part 94 of the Rules of the Federal Communications Commission, unless, in the case of a communication transmitted on a frequency allocated under Part 74 that is not exclusively allocated to broadcast auxiliary services, the communication is a two-way voice communication by radio;
"Remote computing service" means the provision to the public of computer storage or processing services by means of an electronic communications system;
"Trap and trace device" means a device or process that captures the incoming electronic or other impulses that identify the originating number or other dialing, routing, addressing and signaling information reasonably likely to identify the source of a wire or electronic communication; however, such information shall not include the contents of any communication;
"User" means any person or entity who uses an electronic communication service and is duly authorized by the provider of such service to engage in such use;
"Wire communication" means any aural transfer made in whole or in part through the use of facilities for the transmission of communications by the aid of wire, cable, or other like connection, including the use of such connection in a switching station, furnished or operated by any person engaged in providing or operating such facilities for the transmission of communications. See Virginia Code 19.2-61
Person: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, company, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
Person: includes an individual and an entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Person under a disability: shall include :
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Person under disability: includes a person less than 18 years of age. See Virginia Code 1-232
Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
Physical evidence recovery kit: means any evidence collection kit supplied by the Department to health care providers for use in collecting evidence from victims of sexual assault during forensic medical examinations or to the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for use during death investigations to collect evidence from decedents who may be victims of sexual assault. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
Preliminary hearing: A hearing where the judge decides whether there is enough evidence to make the defendant have a trial.
Present value: means the amount as of a date certain of one or more sums payable in the future, discounted to the date certain. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
Pretrial conference: A meeting of the judge and lawyers to discuss which matters should be presented to the jury, to review evidence and witnesses, to set a timetable, and to discuss the settlement of the case.
Principal office: means the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, where the principal executive offices of a domestic or foreign corporation are located, or, if there are no such offices, the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, so designated by the board of directors. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Principal office: means the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, where the principal executive offices of a domestic or foreign limited liability company are located or, if there are no such offices, the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, so designated by the limited liability company. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Private entities: means dam owners, whether individuals, partnerships, corporations, or other nongovernmental entities. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Private institution of higher education: includes each nonprofit private institution of higher education and proprietary private institution of higher education in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Private trust business: means acting as or performing the duties of a fiduciary in the regular course of its business for family members. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Private trust company: means a corporation or limited liability company that is organized to engage in private trust business under this article with one or more family members and that does not transact business with the general public. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Pro se: A Latin term meaning "on one's own behalf"; in courts, it refers to persons who present their own cases without lawyers.
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
Proceeding: includes civil suit and criminal, administrative and investigatory action conducted by a governmental agency. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Project: means (i) any research program, research facility, or educational facility of a covered institution or equipment necessary or convenient to or consistent with the purposes of such institution, whether or not owned by the institution, including (a) research, training, teaching, dormitory, and classroom facilities and all related and supporting facilities and equipment necessary or desirable in connection with such facilities or incidental to such facilities; (b) office, parking, kitchen, laundry, laboratory, wellness, pharmaceutical, administrative, communications, computer, and recreational and athletics facilities; (c) hotels and related facilities; (d) power plants and equipment; (e) storage space; (f) hospitals; (g) nursing homes; (h) continuing care facilities; (i) self-care facilities; (j) health maintenance centers; (k) medical office facilities; (l) clinics; (m) outpatient clinics; (n) surgical centers; (o) alcohol, substance abuse, and drug treatment centers; (p) sanitariums; (q) hospices; (r) facilities for the residence or care of elderly or chronically ill individuals or individuals with disabilities; (s) residential facilities for nurses, interns, and physicians; (t) other facilities for the treatment of sick, disturbed, or infirm individuals, the prevention of disease, or the maintenance of health; (u) colleges, schools, or divisions offering undergraduate, graduate, professional, or extension programs, or any combination of such programs, for such courses of study as may be appropriate; (v) vehicles, mobile medical facilities, and other transportation equipment; and (w) air transport equipment, including equipment necessary or desirable for the transportation of medical equipment, medical personnel, or patients; and (ii) all lands, buildings, improvements, approaches, and appurtenances necessary or desirable in connection with or incidental to any such program, facility, or equipment. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Project: means the development and implementation of activities or measures performed to eliminate, prevent, reduce, or mitigate damages caused by flooding or to identify flood hazards; the design, repair, and safety modifications of a dam or impounding structure, as defined in § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Project: includes landscaping, site preparation, furniture, equipment and machinery, and other similar items necessary or convenient for the intended use of a particular facility or structure. See Virginia Code 23.1-1220
Property: means all property, whether real, personal, or mixed or tangible or intangible, or any right or interest therein. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Prospective review: means utilization review conducted prior to an admission or a course of treatment. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
provider: means a health care professional or a facility. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Provider of health care: means any of the following deemed by the Commission to be necessary for the delivery of health care: (i) a physician and any other individual licensed or certified pursuant to Chapter 29 of Title 54. See Virginia Code 38.2-2800
Public corporation: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any political subdivision thereof or any incorporated municipality therein or any public agency of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision thereof or of any municipality therein. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
Public facilities: means (i) airports, landing fields, and air navigation facilities; (ii) educational facilities; (iii) flood control, bank and shore protection, watershed protection, and dams; (iv) hospital facilities; (v) judicial and court facilities; (vi) correctional facilities, including jails and penitentiaries; (vii) library facilities; (viii) military installations; (ix) parks so designated by the Commonwealth or by the locality in its comprehensive plan; (x) properties of historical significance so designated by the Commonwealth; (xi) law enforcement, fire, emergency medical, and rescue facilities; (xii) sanitary sewer, water or stormwater facilities; (xiii) transportation facilities including highways, roads, streets, and bridges, traffic signals, related easements and rights-of-way, mass transit, ports, and any components of federal, state, or local transportation facilities; (xiv) waste management facilities for hazardous, radioactive, or other waste; (xv) office facilities occupied by a public corporation; and (xvi) such other facilities that are necessary to the construction, maintenance, or operation of a public facility as listed in clauses (i) through (xv) and directly related thereto. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
Public institution of higher education: includes the System as a whole and each associate-degree-granting and baccalaureate public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Qualified beneficiary: means only an individual who resides in the Commonwealth at the time of settlement on the purchase of a single-family residence in the Commonwealth who (i) has never owned or purchased under contract for deed, either individually or jointly, a single-family residence in the Commonwealth or outside of the Commonwealth; (ii) is designated as the beneficiary of an account designated by the account holder as a first-time home buyer savings account; and (iii) may apply moneys or funds held in such account for eligible costs. See Virginia Code 36-171
Qualified business firm: means a business firm designated as a qualified business firm by the Department pursuant to § 36-165. See Virginia Code 36-158
Qualified owner occupant: means the owner of a housing unit who also uses the housing unit as the owner's residence, and who is designated as a qualified owner occupant pursuant to § 36-165. See Virginia Code 36-158
Qualified property: means all real property and all tangible personal property at a fixed location in this Commonwealth, whether or not the property is subject to exposure from an external hazard located on property that is neither owned nor controlled by the prospective insured, and whether or not the property is subject to exposure from riot hazard, where the property:
1. See Virginia Code 38.2-2701
Qualifying offense: means a conviction or adjudication of delinquency for any violation of § 18. See Virginia Code 19.2-327.15
Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
Rate service organization: means any organization or person, other than a joint underwriting association under § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
rates: means any rate of premium, policy fee, membership fee or any other charge made by an insurer for or in connection with a contract or policy of insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
Real estate loan: means :
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
Record: when used as a noun, means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Records: as used in this article , shall be deemed to include any memorandum, report, paper, data compilation, or other record in any form, or any combination thereof. See Virginia Code 8.01-389
Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
required to be published pursuant to the laws thereof: includes being subject to disclosure under § 54. See Virginia Code 8.01-385
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Reserves: means the total of allowances for loan losses, regular, special, and any other type of funds held in reserve. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Residual market facility: means any organization approved by the Commission to equitably distribute the responsibility to provide basic property insurance on qualified property among insurers licensed to write basic property insurance or other insurance containing a basic property insurance component. See Virginia Code 38.2-2701
Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
Retained earnings: means undivided earnings, regular reserve, reserve for contingencies, supplemental reserves, reserves for losses, and other appropriations from undivided earnings as designated by management or the Bureau. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Retrospective review: means a review of medical necessity conducted after services have been provided to a patient, but does not include the review of a claim that is limited to an evaluation of reimbursement levels, veracity of documentation, accuracy of coding, or adjudication for payment. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
revenue bonds: means revenue bonds of the Authority issued under the provisions of this article, including revenue refunding bonds, notes, and other obligations that may be secured by a mortgage, the full faith and credit, or any other lawfully pledged security of a participating institution. See Virginia Code 23.1-1220
Right of offset: Banks' legal right to seize funds that a guarantor or debtor may have on deposit to cover a loan in default. It is also known as the right of set-off. ^{Source: OCC}
Savings account: means an interest-bearing account not subject to withdrawal by check or other negotiable instrument. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Savings bank: means a savings institution specifically chartered under the laws of the Commonwealth, another state or a territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the United States as a savings bank. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Savings institution: means a savings and loan association, a building and loan association, or savings bank, whether organized as a capital stock corporation or a nonstock corporation, that is authorized by law to accept deposits and to hold itself out to the public as engaged in the savings institution business. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Savings institution: means any savings institution, as defined in § 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
Savings institution holding company: means any person who, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with one or more other companies or with one or more subsidiaries or affiliates, acquires, owns, controls or holds with power to vote 25 percent or more of the voting shares of a stock savings institution, or which controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors of such institution. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Second opinion: means an opportunity or requirement to obtain a clinical evaluation by a provider other than the one originally making a recommendation for a proposed health care service to assess the clinical necessity and appropriateness of the initial proposed health care service. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Service corporation: means a stock corporation, all of the stock of which is owned (i) directly by one or more savings institutions or (ii) indirectly through a subsidiary or subsidiaries of one or more savings institutions. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
Settlement statement: means the statement of receipts and disbursements for a transaction related to real estate, including a statement prescribed under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 (RESPA), 12 U. See Virginia Code 36-171
Share account: means a balance held by a credit union and established by a member in accordance with standards specified by the credit union, including balances designated as shares, share certificates, share draft accounts, or other names. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Shares: means the interest of a member having a savings account in a member credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-1331
Shares: means the interest of a member having an account in a credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-1300
Sheriff: shall include deputy sheriffs and such other persons designated in § 15. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Sign: means , with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record, to execute or adopt a tangible symbol or to attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or process. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Single-family residence: means a single-family residence owned and occupied by a qualified beneficiary, including a manufactured home, trailer, mobile home, condominium unit, or cooperative. See Virginia Code 36-171
State: means any commonwealth, state, territory, district or insular possession of the United States. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 1-206
State association: means an association incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
State bank: means a bank incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth and that has its principal business office in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
State savings bank: means a savings bank organized and incorporated under the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
State savings institution: means a savings institution incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Stock association: means an association that issues shares of capital stock. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Stock institution: means a savings institution that issues shares of capital stock. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Structural component: means the roof, foundation, basement, walls, ceilings, or floors of a home. See Virginia Code 38.2-2600
Subordinate mortgage or deed of trust: means a mortgage or deed of trust that is subject to a prior mortgage or deed of trust in existence at the time of the making of the loan secured by such subordinate mortgage or deed of trust. See Virginia Code 6.2-300
Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
Subscriber: means a person obligated under a reciprocal insurance agreement. See Virginia Code 38.2-1201
Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
Surplus to policyholders: means the excess of total admitted assets over the liabilities of an insurer, and shall be the sum of all capital and surplus accounts, including any voluntary reserves, minus any impairment of all capital and surplus accounts. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
System: means the Virginia Community College System. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Tax: includes , but is not limited to, federal, state or local income, gift, estate, generation-skipping transfer, or inheritance tax. See Virginia Code 6.2-1074
Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Tier-city: means an incorporated community within a consolidated county that (i) has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more, (ii) has been designated as a tier-city by the General Assembly, and (iii) has both the powers of a town and such additional powers as may be granted tier-cities by the General Assembly. See Virginia Code 1-252
Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July one, nineteen hundred seventy-one, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
Trace evidence collection kit: means any evidence collection kit supplied by the Department to health care providers for use in collecting evidence from victims of strangulation during forensic medical examinations or to the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for use during death investigations to collect evidence from decedents who may be victims of strangulation. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5 v2
Transact business: includes the conduct of affairs by any corporation that is not organized for profit. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
Transfer: includes an assignment, a conveyance, a sale, a lease, an encumbrance including a mortgage or security interest, a gift, and a transfer by operation of law. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
Trust account: means the account established pursuant to a trust, estate, or other fiduciary relationship that has been established with an association. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
Trust business: means the holding out by a person or legal entity to the public at large by advertising, solicitation or other means that the person or legal entity is available to act as a fiduciary in the Commonwealth or is accepting and undertaking to perform the duties of a fiduciary in the regular course of its business. See Virginia Code 6.2-1000
Trust company: means a corporation, including an affiliated trust company, that is authorized to engage in the trust business under Article 2 (§ 6. See Virginia Code 6.2-1000
Trust department: means that group or groups of officers and employees of an association, or of an affiliate of an association, to whom are assigned the performance of fiduciary services by the association. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
Trust institution: means any (i) bank authorized to engage in the trust business, (ii) trust company, or (iii) trust subsidiary. See Virginia Code 6.2-1000
Trustee: means a trustee under a probated will or an inter vivos trust instrument. See Virginia Code 64.2-100
Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
Uniform Transfers to Minors Act: means Chapter 19 of Title 64. See Virginia Code 6.2-1081
United States: includes a district, authority, bureau, commission, department, and any other agency of the United States. See Virginia Code 13.1-1002
United States: shall be deemed to refer to the United States of America and to include any of its territories, commonwealths, insular possessions, the District of Columbia, and any of its other political subdivisions other than states. See Virginia Code 8.01-385
Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Usury: Charging an illegally high interest rate on a loan. ^{Source: OCC}
Utilization review: means a set of formal techniques designed to monitor the use of, or evaluate the clinical necessity, appropriateness, efficacy, or efficiency of, health care services, procedures, or settings. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Utilization review entity: means an individual or entity that conducts utilization review. See Virginia Code 38.2-3556
Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Victim of sex trafficking: means any person convicted or adjudicated delinquent of a qualifying offense in the Commonwealth who committed such offense as a direct result of being solicited, invited, recruited, encouraged, forced, intimidated, or deceived by another to engage in acts of prostitution or unlawful sexual intercourse for money or its equivalent, as described in subsection A of § 18. See Virginia Code 19.2-327.15
Victim of sexual assault: means any person who undergoes a forensic medical examination for the collection of a physical evidence recovery kit connected to a sexual assault offense. See Virginia Code 19.2-11.5
Virginia Retirement System: includes any retirement system established or authorized by Title 51. See Virginia Code 23.1-1000
Virginia savings institution: means a savings institution, including a state savings bank, that:
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1148
Virginia savings institution holding company: means a savings institution holding company, including the holding company of a state savings bank, that:
1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1148
Virginia student: means any student who has established domicile in the Commonwealth pursuant to § 23. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
Voir dire: The process by which judges and lawyers select a petit jury from among those eligible to serve, by questioning them to determine knowledge of the facts of the case and a willingness to decide the case only on the evidence presented in court. "Voir dire" is a phrase meaning "to speak the truth."
Voter: means a qualified voter as defined in § 24. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Voting group: means all members of one or more classes that under the articles of incorporation or this chapter are entitled to vote and be counted together collectively on a matter at a meeting of members. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
Withdrawal value: means the amount credited to an account less lawful deductions therefrom, as shown by the records of the savings institution. See Virginia Code 6.2-1100
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.
written: means any information in the form of a document. See Virginia Code 13.1-803

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Virginia Code > Title 15.2 > Subtitle III – Boundary Adjustments and Changes of Status of Counties, Cities and Towns

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 15.2 > Subtitle III - Boundary Adjustments and Changes of Status of Counties, Cities and Towns

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