Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 59.1 > Chapter 50 - Electronic Identity Management Act

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Attribute provider: means an entity, or a supplier, employee, or agent thereof, that acts as the authoritative record of identifying information about an identity credential holder. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Bail: means the pretrial release of a person from custody upon those terms and conditions specified by order of an appropriate judicial officer. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Bond: means the posting by a person or his surety of a written promise to pay a specific sum, secured or unsecured, ordered by an appropriate judicial officer as a condition of bail to assure performance of the terms and conditions contained in the recognizance. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
• City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
• Commonwealth identity management standards: means the minimum specifications and standards that must be included in an identity trust framework so as to define liability pursuant to this chapter that are set forth in guidance documents approved by the Secretary of Administration pursuant to Chapter 4. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Court: means any court vested with appropriate jurisdiction under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Federated identity management: means a process that allows the conveyance of identity credentials and authentication information across digital identity systems through the use of a common set of policies, practices, and protocols for managing the identity of users and devices across security domains. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• federation: means a digital identity system that (i) utilizes federated identity management to enable the portability of identity information across otherwise autonomous security domains; (ii) is compliant with the Commonwealth's identity management standards and with the provisions of the governing identity trust framework; (iii) has established identity, security, privacy, technology, and enforcement rules and policies adhered to by certified identity providers that are members of the federated digital identity system; (iv) includes as members federation administrators, federation operators, identity trust framework operators, and identity providers; and (v) allows, but does not require, relying parties to be members of the federated digital identity system in order to accept an identity credential issued by a certified identity provider to verify an identity credential holder's identity. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Federation administrator: means a person or entity that certifies compliance with the Commonwealth's identity management standards by either a federation operator or an identity trust framework operator at the time of issuance of identity credentials, identity and entitlement attributes, or trustmarks. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Federation operator: means the entity that (i) defines rule and policies for member parties to a federation; (ii) certifies identity and entitlement attribute providers to be members of and issue identity credentials pursuant to the federation; and (iii) evaluates participation in the federation to ensure compliance by members of the federation with its rules and policies, including the ability to request audits of participants for verification of compliance. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Identity attribute: means identifying information associated with an identity credential holder. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Identity credential: means the data, or the physical object upon which the data may reside, that an identity credential holder may present to verify or authenticate his identity in a digital or online transaction. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Identity credential holder: means a person bound to or in possession of an identity credential who has agreed to the terms and conditions of the identity provider. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Identity proofer: means a person or entity authorized to act as a representative of an identity provider in the confirmation of a potential identity credential holder's identification and identity attributes prior to issuing an identity credential to a person. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• identity provider: includes an attribute provider, an identity proofer, and any suppliers, employees, or agents thereof. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Identity trust framework: means a digital identity system with established identity, security, privacy, technology, and enforcement rules and policies adhered to by certified identity providers that are members of the identity trust framework. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Identity trust framework operator: means the entity that (i) defines rules and policies for member parties to an identity trust framework, (ii) certifies identity providers to be members of and issue identity credentials pursuant to the identity trust framework, and (iii) evaluates participation in the identity trust framework to ensure compliance by members of the identity trust framework with its rules and policies, including the ability to request audits of participants for verification of compliance. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Judicial officer: means , unless otherwise indicated, any magistrate serving the jurisdiction, any judge of a district court and the clerk or deputy clerk of any district court or circuit court within their respective cities and counties, any judge of a circuit court, any judge of the Court of Appeals and any justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• lane: means that portion of a roadway designed or designated to accommodate the forward movement of a single line of vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
• Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Person: means any accused, or any juvenile taken into custody pursuant to § 16. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
• Person: includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or any other legal or commercial entity and any successor, representative, agent, agency, or instrumentality thereof. See Virginia Code 1-230
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
• real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
• Recognizance: means a signed commitment by a person to appear in court as directed and to adhere to any other terms ordered by an appropriate judicial officer as a condition of bail. See Virginia Code 19.2-119
• Roadway: means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the shoulder. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
• Shared-use path: means a bikeway that is physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and is located either within the highway right-of-way or within a separate right-of-way. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
• Sidewalk: means the portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by pedestrians. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
• State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes any of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-245
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
• Traffic infraction: means a violation of law punishable as provided in § 46. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustmark: means a machine-readable official seal, authentication feature, certification, license, or logo that may be provided by an identity trust framework operator to certified identity providers within its identity trust framework or federation to signify that the identity provider complies with the written rules and policies of the identity trust framework or federation. See Virginia Code 59.1-550
• Vehicle: means every device in, on or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn on a highway, except personal delivery devices and devices moved by human power or used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks. See Virginia Code 46.2-100