Terms Used In Arizona Laws > Title 28 > Chapter 5

• Accused: means a juvenile who is referred to juvenile court for committing a delinquent act. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Acquittal:
  1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
  2. A verdict of "not guilty."
   
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Conviction: means :

  (a) An unvacated adjudication of guilt or a determination that a person violated or failed to comply with the law in a court of original jurisdiction or by an authorized administrative tribunal. See Arizona Laws 28-101

• Court: means the juvenile division of the superior court when exercising its jurisdiction over children in any proceeding relating to delinquency. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Delinquent: means a child who is adjudicated to have committed a delinquent act. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Department: means the department of child safety. See Arizona Laws 8-201
• Department: means the department of transportation acting directly or through its duly authorized officers and agents. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Detention: means the temporary confinement of a juvenile who requires secure care in a physically restricting facility that is completely surrounded by a locked and physically secure barrier with restricted ingress and egress for the protection of the juvenile or the community pending court disposition or as a condition of probation. See Arizona Laws 8-201
• Director: means the director of the department of transportation. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Drive: means to operate or be in actual physical control of a motor vehicle. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Driver: means a person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Driver license: means a license that is issued by a state to an individual and that authorizes the individual to drive a motor vehicle. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Evidence: includes both of the following:

  (a) A display on a wireless communication device of a department-generated driver license, nonoperating identification license, vehicle registration card or other official record of the department that is presented to a law enforcement officer or in a court or an administrative proceeding. See Arizona Laws 28-101

• Felony: A crime carrying a penalty of more than a year in prison.
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Hazardous material: means a material, and its mixtures or solutions, that the United States department of transportation determines under 49 Code of Federal Regulations is, or any quantity of a material listed as a select agent or toxin under 42 Code of Federal Regulations part 73 that is, capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property if transported in commerce and that is required to be placarded or marked as required by the department's safety rules prescribed pursuant to chapter 14 of this title. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• highway: means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way if a part of the way is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• juvenile: means an individual who is under the age of eighteen years. See Arizona Laws 8-201
• License: means any license, temporary instruction permit or temporary license issued under the laws of this state or any other state pertaining to the licensing of persons to operate motor vehicles. See Arizona Laws 28-1501
• Local authority: means any county, municipal or other local board or body exercising jurisdiction over highways under the constitution and laws of this state. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Magistrate: means an officer having power to issue a warrant for the arrest of a person charged with a public offense and includes the chief justice and justices of the supreme court, judges of the superior court, judges of the court of appeals, justices of the peace and judges of a municipal court. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Misdemeanor: Usually a petty offense, a less serious crime than a felony, punishable by less than a year of confinement.
• Monetary obligations: includes fines, fees, penalties, court costs, surcharges, restitution, assessments and penalty enhancements. See Arizona Laws 28-1630
• Nonresident: means a person who is not a resident of this state as defined in section 28-2001. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Operator: means a person who drives a motor vehicle on a highway, who is in actual physical control of a motor vehicle on a highway or who is exercising control over or steering a vehicle being towed by a motor vehicle. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• Owner: means :

  (a) A person who holds the legal title of a vehicle. See Arizona Laws 28-101

• Person: includes a corporation, company, partnership, firm, association or society, as well as a natural person. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Petition: means a written statement of the essential facts that allege delinquency, incorrigibility or dependency. See Arizona Laws 8-201
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Police officer: means an officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or make arrests for violations of traffic rules or for other offenses. See Arizona Laws 28-1501
• Postarrest release: means the discharge of the accused from confinement. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Release: means no longer in the custody of the custodial agency and includes transfer from one custodial agency to another custodial agency. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Restitution: means restitution ordered pursuant to section 13-603, subsection C. See Arizona Laws 28-1630
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• State: means a state of the United States and the District of Columbia. See Arizona Laws 28-101
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Traffic: means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles and other conveyances either singly or together while using a highway for purposes of travel. See Arizona Laws 28-1501
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Victim: means a person against whom the delinquent act was committed, or if the person is killed or incapacitated, the person's spouse, parent, child, grandparent or sibling, any other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or any other lawful representative of the person, except if the person or the person's spouse, parent, child, grandparent, sibling, other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or other lawful representative is in custody for an offense or is the accused. See Arizona Laws 8-382
• Wilfully: means , with respect to conduct or to a circumstance described by a statute defining an offense, that a person is aware or believes that the person's conduct is of that nature or that the circumstance exists. See Arizona Laws 1-215